White Matter and Stress Reduction Effects of Mindfulness Training

正念训练的白质和减压效果

• 批准号: 10706459
• 负责人: Janine Michele Dutcher
• 金额: $ 12.02万
• 依托单位: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-19 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10706459
• 关键词: Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Cellular Phone; Collaborations; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Set; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Doctor of Philosophy; Employee; Environment; Faculty; Fostering; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Health; Health Benefit; Health Psychology; Imaging technology; Inflammation; Intervention; Learning; Link; Literature; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mentors; Methods; Mindfulness Training; Modeling; National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurosciences; Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Physiological; Population; Problem Solving; Psychology; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Regulation; Regulatory Pathway; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resources; Rewards; Risk Reduction; Sampling; Scanning; Social Psychology; Stimulus; Stress; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Universities; Work; Writing; active control; brain based; burnout; career; comparison control; conditioned fear; emotional stimulus; expectation; experience; experimental study; interest; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; mindfulness meditation; mindfulness-based stress reduction; multimodality; neural; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; perceived stress; post intervention; programs; response; skills; smartphone application; social; spectrograph; statistical learning; stress reactivity; stress reduction; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY Janine M. Dutcher, PhD aims to understand the brain mechanisms for behavioral interventions for stress reduction and health. The research and training plan described in this proposal will strengthen her experience in neuroimaging with additional training in structural neuroimaging, and launch her independent career as a multi-modal health neuroscientist. To enable this training, Dr. Dutcher will analyze data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of mindfulness training in stressed employees. This study features functional and structural neuroimaging, and stress assessments—and experience with these data will help the PI build a career that explores the brain mechanisms for stress reduction interventions. Candidate: Dr. Dutcher is a Special Faculty Researcher in the Psychology department at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). She received her doctorate at UCLA in social and health psychology. Her work focused on understanding the neural mechanisms of stress reduction, the neuroscience of inflammation and social experience, and the relationship between reward and stress. She has worked primarily on cross-sectional and experimental studies, using functional neuroimaging methods for testing neural mechanisms. She plans to receive training in structural neuroimaging and RCTs to advance her studies on the longitudinal brain mechanisms for behavioral interventions. Training Goals: Dr. Dutcher aims to learn more about RCT study design, intervention integrity, and mindfulness meditation programs—goals that her mentor Dr. Creswell can aid in. Analytically, Dr. Dutcher will receive training in diffusion spectrum imaging from Dr. Verstynen, learning statistical techniques for linking longitudinal structural and functional brain changes, and assessing those relationships as a mechanism for the benefits that interventions have on stress and health. Finally, Dr. Dutcher will hone the professional skills that will support her pathway to independence, including grant writing, networking, and more mentoring opportunities through managing research teams. Mentors/Environment: Dr. Dutcher has overseen the day-to-day execution of an RCT exploring the effects of a mindfulness training program on stress and burnout in a stressed employee population with Dr. Creswell. She and Dr. Verstynen coordinated to add diffusion spectrum and functional neuroimaging pre- and post-intervention. Thus, she will be leveraging an existing dataset and existing collaborations to achieve her training and research goals. She has the resources and support of CMU, proximity to other collaborators, and the ideal mentoring team for executing this proposal. Research: Although the literature has established mindfulness as an effective stress reduction intervention, the brain mechanisms are as yet unclear. The purpose of this project is to analyze data from a rigorous RCT of a 30-day smartphone mindfulness program compared to an active control program (problem solving) to evaluate how mindfulness changes the brain in a sample of stressed employees (N=100). Analyses will examine changes in white matter integrity over the 30- day intervention, compared to control, and link these changes in white matter to changes in stress. This project has the potential for mapping the brain mechanisms for stress reduction, providing greater understanding of how to effectively intervene and reduce the risk of stress-related health conditions in the population.

项目总结 Janine M.ducher博士的目标是了解行为干预的大脑机制，以减轻压力和 健康。这项建议中描述的研究和培训计划将加强她在神经成像方面的经验 结构神经成像方面的额外培训，并开始作为一名多模式健康神经科学家的独立职业生涯。 为了实现这一训练，达彻博士将分析来自正念训练的随机对照试验(RCT)的数据 压力很大的员工。这项研究的特点是功能和结构神经成像，以及压力评估-和体验 这些数据将帮助PI建立一个探索减压干预的大脑机制的职业生涯。 候选人：达彻博士是卡内基梅隆大学心理学系的特聘研究员 (CMU)。她在加州大学洛杉矶分校获得了社会心理学和健康心理学博士学位。她的工作重点是了解 减压的神经机制，炎症和社会经验的神经科学，以及它们之间的关系 在奖励和压力之间。她主要从事横断面和实验研究，使用功能 用于测试神经机制的神经成像方法。她计划接受结构神经成像和RCT方面的培训 以促进她对行为干预的纵向大脑机制的研究。 培训目标：达彻博士的目标是学习更多关于随机对照试验研究设计、干预完整性和正念的知识 冥想计划--她的导师克雷斯韦尔博士可以帮助她实现的目标。分析说，达彻博士将接受 来自Verstinen博士的扩散光谱成像，学习将纵向结构和 大脑功能变化，并评估这些关系作为干预的益处的一种机制 压力和健康。最后，达彻博士将磨练支持她独立之路的专业技能， 包括撰写拨款、建立网络，以及通过管理研究团队提供更多指导机会。 导师/环境：达彻博士监督了一项随机对照试验的日常执行，探讨了 与克雷斯韦尔博士合作，在压力较大的员工群体中进行正念训练。她和戴维斯博士。 Verstinen协调增加了干预前后的弥散频谱和功能神经成像。因此，她会 利用现有的数据集和现有的协作来实现她的培训和研究目标。她有一种 CMU的资源和支持，与其他合作者的接近，以及执行此提案的理想指导团队。 研究：尽管文献已将正念确立为有效的减压干预手段，但大脑 其机制目前尚不清楚。这个项目的目的是分析来自一部30天智能手机的严格RCT的数据 正念计划与主动控制程序(解决问题)的比较，以评估正念如何改变 在有压力的员工样本(N=100)中进行脑部检查。分析将检查30年来脑白质完整性的变化- 白天干预，与对照组相比，并将白质的这些变化与压力的变化联系起来。这个项目有 绘制大脑减压机制图的潜力，提供对如何有效地 干预和降低人群中与压力相关的健康状况的风险。