CRCNS:US-lsrael Research Proposal: To Elucidate Fundamental Mechanisms of Transformed Saliency Map to

CRCNS：美国-以色列研究提案：阐明显着图转变的基本机制

• 批准号: 10831116
• 负责人: Brian J Fischer
• 金额: $ 47.15万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10831116
• 关键词: Adaptive Behaviors; Anesthesia procedures; Animals; Attention; Auditory; Barn Owls; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Code; Collaborations; Computer Models; Conduction Anesthesia; Decision Making; Electrodes; Ethnic Population; Gender; Goals; Inferior Colliculus; International; Knowledge; Location; Maps; Mediating; Methods; Midbrain structure; Modality; Modeling; Neurons; Pathway interactions; Perception; Physiological; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Property; Prosencephalon; Protocols documentation; Publications; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Proposals; Resolution; Scheme; Science; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Sound Localization; Source; Stimulus; Strigiformes; Structure; Techniques; Tectum Mesencephali; Testing; Thalamic structure; Translating; Visual; Visual Pathways; auditory pathway; auditory stimulus; awake; base; behavioral response; career; comparative; concept mapping; diversity and inclusion; gaze; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; member; multisensory; neural; neurophysiology; novel; response; selective attention; sensory input; sensory stimulus; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; training opportunity; undergraduate student; visual stimulus

The neural bases of sensory stimulus selection, an essential function for attentional and adaptive behavior, will be investigated by this collaborative project in barn owls, a specialized stimulus localizer species. While a topographic representation of relative stimulus strength and behavioral relevance across visual and auditory space has been demonstrated in the barn owl's optic tectum (OT), how the information is conveyed to downstream decision-making centers for proper control of stimulus driven behaviors is unknown in barn owls, as well as in other species. The main goal of the proposed research is to understand the read-out mechanisms of the midbrain map in the ascending midbrain-to-forebrain pathway, along which a transformation involving abolishment of a topographic representation of spatial location is observed. Barn owls offer a strong advantage for investigating these questions, because of their robust and well-studied visual and auditory representations across brain regions and because a robust auditory saliency map has been shown in the barn owl. This study aims at answering the question of how behaviorally relevant sensory signals are selected and encoded to induce stimulus location driven perceptual and behavioral responses while others are ignored. Through simultaneous recordings of midbrain, thalamic and forebrain regions, the hypothesis that topographic representation of salient stimuli is translated into a non-topographic representation of salient stimuli for both visual (Aim 1) and auditory (Aim 2) salient stimuli will be tested in both anesthetized and behaving animals. Computational modeling describing network processing and coding will be used for further testing hypothesis and detailed description of network and coding mechanisms underlying transformational coding of stimulus selection (Aim 3). Preliminary results support feasibility of proposed approaches. This collaborative computational project will contribute intellectual merits and broader impact of widening view and understanding of neural coding and network mechanisms underlying stimulus selection by a transformational coding scheme from midbrain to forebrain, fundamental for selective attention and perception of salient stimuli across species. Innovative simultaneous recordings of midbrain and forebrain regions of anesthetized and awake animals, and interdisciplinary physiological, behavioral and computational approaches will be implemented. In addition, training opportunities and publication goals for undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral fellows will enhance their visibility and career plans. Related to diversity and inclusion, the team includes members from underrepresented gender and ethnic groups and will promote international collaboration in brain sciences.

感官刺激选择的神经基础是注意力和适应行为的基本功能，将通过以下方式进行研究： 这个合作项目在仓鸮，一个专门的刺激定位物种。虽然相对的地形表示 在仓鸮的视顶盖中已经证实了视觉和听觉空间中的刺激强度和行为相关性 (OT)，如何将信息传达到下游决策中心，以适当控制刺激驱动的行为， 在仓鸮和其他物种中是未知的。这项研究的主要目的是了解读出 中脑地图的机制，在上升的中脑到前脑通路，沿着的转换，涉及 观察到空间位置的地形表示的消除。仓鸮在调查 这些问题，因为他们的强大和充分研究的视觉和听觉表征在大脑区域，因为一个 仓鸮的听觉显著性图具有较强的鲁棒性。这项研究旨在回答这个问题， 选择相关的感觉信号并对其进行编码，以诱导刺激位置驱动的感知和行为反应， 其他人则被忽视。通过同时记录中脑、丘脑和前脑区域， 显著刺激的表示被翻译成视觉（目标1）和视觉（目标2）的显著刺激的非地形表示。 听觉（目标2）突出刺激将在麻醉和行为动物中进行测试。计算建模描述 网络处理和编码将用于进一步检验假设和详细描述网络和编码 刺激选择的转换编码机制（目标3）。初步结果支持建议的可行性 接近。这一合作计算项目将有助于知识的优点和更广泛的影响，扩大视野， 理解神经编码和网络机制的基础刺激选择的转换编码方案，从 中脑到前脑，是跨物种选择性注意和感知显著刺激的基础。创新同步 记录麻醉和清醒动物的中脑和前脑区域，以及跨学科的生理，行为和 将采用计算方法。此外，本科生的培训机会和出版目标， 研究生和博士后研究员将提高他们的知名度和职业规划。与多样性和包容性有关，该团队包括 该委员会的成员来自代表性不足的性别和族裔群体，并将促进脑科学方面的国际合作。