In-Vehicle Sensors to Detect Cognitive Change in Older Drivers

车载传感器检测老年驾驶员的认知变化

• 批准号: 10833914
• 负责人: David Newman
• 金额: $ 3.12万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10833914
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Alzheimer' s Disease; Behavior; Brain; Chronic; Clinical; Cognition; Complex; Data; Dementia; Diagnostic; Disease Progression; Early Diagnosis; Elderly; Emotional; Enrollment; Family; Future; Impaired cognition; Individual; Language; Measurable; Measurement; Medical; Medicare; Memory; Methods; Monitor; Participant; Performance; Reporting; Research Project Grants; Risk; Safety; Societies; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Visit; Visual attention; Visuospatial; cognitive change; cognitive function; cognitive testing; cost; driving behavior; evaluation/testing; executive function; experience; innovation; mild cognitive impairment; older driver; parent grant; recruit; screening program; sensor

Abstract from Parent Grant Brain changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease and related chronic degenerative dementias may begin as long as 20 years before clinical symptoms become evident. There is increasing evidence that unobtrusive monitoring of older adults’ performance of complex daily activities of living may allow us to detect some of these subtle early changes in cognition. The rapidly increasing use of sensors not only in commercial vehicles, but also in passenger vehicles, and large number of older drivers on U.S. roads suggest that sensor data may be reconfigured to provide this early warning system. In this longitudinal mixed methods study, we will recruit and enroll 750 older drivers, establish their baseline cognitive function and driving behavior profiles, and repeat the cognitive testing and in-vehicle sensor data downloading every three months for three years (12 data points). Over this time, we expect approximately 200 participants to have experienced measurable cognitive decline either from unimpaired to mild cognitive impairment levels or mild cognitive impairment to early stage dementia levels. We propose to install a sensor system which will include unobtrusive cameras, on board diagnostics (OBD), GPS and inertial measurement units (IMU) configured to track and record driver behavior in the passenger vehicles of these 750 older adult (≥ 65) drivers. The recorded changes in driver behavior will be compared to results from a battery of cognitive tests (global cognition, executive function, memory, visuospatial, visual attention and language) with demonstrated ability to detect early cognitive changes and to predict driver risk. The innovation of this research project lies in the rigorous testing of an unobtrusive, rapidly and readily available in-vehicle sensing and monitoring system for its ability to detect early changes in cognition in older drivers. There is an estimated 4 to 8 million older drivers with mild cognitive impairment on the roads in the U.S. This significant number of older drivers poses a major concern for public safety. Moreover, the majority may be unaware of the cognitive changes occurring. Current dementia screening programs are able to test only a small number of older adults and the wellness visits covered by Medicare do not detect these early, subtle changes. Yet early detection offers many medical, emotional and financial benefits for the individual, family and society, opening a “window of time” to intervene in the progression of the disease in the future (Alzheimer’s Association 2019 Report). The proposed testing and evaluation of a readily and rapidly available, unobtrusive in-vehicle sensing system could provide the first step toward future widespread, low-cost, early warnings of change for the large number of older drivers in the U.S.

来源：Parent Grant 与阿尔茨海默病和相关慢性退行性痴呆相关的大脑变化可能 早在临床症状明显之前的20年就开始开始。越来越多的证据表明 对老年人复杂的日常生活活动进行不引人注目的监测， 这些早期认知的微妙变化。传感器的使用不仅在商业领域迅速增加， 汽车，但也在乘用车，以及大量的老年司机在美国的道路上表明，传感器 可以重新配置数据以提供这种预警系统。在这项纵向混合方法研究中，我们 将招募750名老年驾驶员，建立他们的基本认知功能和驾驶行为档案， 并每三个月重复一次认知测试和车载传感器数据下载，持续三年（12 数据点）。在此期间，我们预计约有200名参与者经历了可衡量的 认知功能下降，从未受损到轻度认知功能障碍水平，或轻度认知功能障碍到 早期痴呆水平。我们建议安装一个传感器系统，其中包括不显眼的摄像头， 车载诊断（OBD）、GPS和惯性测量单元（IMU），配置为跟踪和记录驾驶员 这750名老年（≥ 65岁）驾驶员在乘用车中的行为。记录的驱动程序更改 行为将与来自一系列认知测试（整体认知，执行功能， 记忆、视觉空间、视觉注意力和语言），并证明有能力发现早期认知障碍， 变化，并预测驾驶员的风险。这项研究项目的创新之处在于对一种 一个不显眼的，快速和随时可用的车载传感和监测系统，其早期检测能力 老年驾驶员的认知变化。据估计，有400万至800万老年司机患有轻度认知障碍， 在美国的道路上的损害，这一显着数量的老年司机构成了公众的主要关注 安全为代价的此外，大多数人可能不知道发生的认知变化。目前痴呆 筛查项目只能测试少数老年人， 医疗保险没有发现这些早期的微妙变化。然而，早期发现提供了许多医疗，情感和 为个人、家庭和社会提供财政利益，打开干预的“时间窗口”， 未来疾病的进展（阿尔茨海默氏症协会2019年报告）。拟议的测试和 对一个容易获得、快速获得、不显眼的车载传感系统进行评估，可以提供第一步 为美国大量的老年司机提供未来广泛的、低成本的早期变化预警。