PROMOTING MASTERY IN CHILDREN AFTER TRAUMA

儿童创伤占第二大队列 住院儿童，但很少有关于心理方面的研究 住院的后遗症或帮助他们掌握的干预措施 突然的创伤。前人关于心理准备的研究 住院儿童主要关注有计划的住院和 关于程序的预先准备。这项研究将建立在以前的基础上 研究并将测试一种为儿童设计的干预措施 因意外创伤紧急入院。300名7-11岁的儿童将成为 药物稳定后，随机分为5组。 I组将接受工作性干预，这将促进 通过准确的信息、认知来掌握事件 脱敏、定向回忆和重构。这次干预将会有 4个组成部分：加入(建立有同情心的融洽关系和支持 关系)；重新访问(对活动进行有组织的审查)；以及整合 (定向概括和未来影响)。孩子们将获得 在住院期间和出院后的两次会议上进行干预。 在第二组，家长将得到指导和支持，因为他们将指导 与他们的孩子一起工作的过程。第三组将作为一支 I组干预中支持性关系的安慰剂对照研究 而第IV组将发挥与第II组干预相同的功能。 第五组为对照组，不与调查员接触。 八项结果指标(在住院期间和住院后重复 出院)将评估干预措施：人口统计和生活事件 儿童和父母的测量；儿童抑郁量表；影响 儿童和家长活动清单；人物画；护士 心烦意乱的评分；恢复清单；住院时间；以及医院后 核对表。家长们将被要求完成贝克抑郁症 斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表与应对方式 核对表。A 2因素(通过父母焦虑治疗)重复测量 Anova将评估有效性。培生产品时刻修正将 评估度量与子项、父项和事件因素之间的关系。 发生事故的儿童人数及其可能造成的影响 对他们未来促进掌握的研究范式的护理 儿童遭受不同形式的创伤和暴力。

Children with traumatic injury account for the second largest cohort of hospitalized children and yet there is little research on the psychological sequelae of such hospitalization or on interventions to help them master the sudden trauma. Previous work on psychological preparation of hospitalized children has focused primarily on planned hospitalization and on advance preparation for procedures. This study will build on previous research and will test an intervention designed for children who experience emergency admission for accidental trauma. 300 children, 7-11, will be randomly assigned to one of 5 groups after they are medically stable. Group I will receive a working-through intervention which will promote mastery of the event through accurate information, cognitive desensitization, directed recall and reframing. The intervention will have 4 components: Joining (establishment of empathetic rapport and supportive relationship); revisiting (structured review of the event); and integration (directed generalization and future implications). Children will receive this intervention during hospitalization and at 2 post-discharge sessions. In Group II, the parents will be instructed and supported as they guide the working-through process with their child. Group III will serve as a placebo control for the supportive relationship in the Group I intervention while Group IV will serve the same function for the Group II intervention. Group V will be the control group with no contact with the Investigator. Eight outcome measures (repeated during hospitalization and after discharge) will evaluate the interventions: Demographic and Life Events Measure for Children and Parents; Child Depression Inventory; Impact of Event Inventory for Child and Parent; Human Figure Drawings; Nurses' Ratings of Upset; Recovery Inventory; Length of Stay; and Post-Hospital Checklist. Parents will be asked to complete the Beck Depression Inventory, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale and the Ways of Coping Checklist. A 2 factor (treatment by parental anxiety) repeated measures ANOVA will evaluate effectiveness. Pearson Product Moment Corrections will assess relationships among measures and child, parent, and event factors. The numbers of children involved in accidents and the potential impact of nursing on their paradigm for future research on promoting mastery for children experiencing different forms of trauma and violence.