Radio Frequency Motion Tracking System

描述（由申请人提供）：目前，在医学领域、体育分析以及电影和视频游戏的特殊效果中使用的3D运动捕捉系统的限制包括：1）标记的间接识别，2）捕捉任何标记最少需要2个摄像机，以及3）由于遮挡和合并而丢失有价值的数据。射频（RF）信号的多普勒特性以及数字和无线通信技术可以克服这些限制。本研究将利用射频讯号的多卜勒频移及数位通讯技术，发展一个低成本、高精度及多功能的三维动作捕捉系统。 具体目标I：开发/测试2D角度测量。任务1：构建2D设备。多普勒发射器单元将被构造为向微型接收器传感器发送RF信号。发射天线的虚拟移动在接收器传感器处的信号中产生多普勒频移。任务2：评价2D器械。发射器/接收器单元测量角度的能力将使用已知的角位置进行系统测试，包括静态和动态测试 试验. 具体目标II：开发/测试3D位置测量。在目标1中开发的用于测量角度的基本发射-接收系统将在目标2中扩展，以确定3D位置和方向。任务1：构建3D设备。在两个正交平面（垂直和水平）中旋转的多普勒发射器单元和接收器传感器三元组将用于捕获3D位置和方向。传感器三元组天线与其接收的信号之间的已知间隔将是3D位置和定向计算的基础。任务2：3D器械评价。发射机-接收机系统测量位置和方向的能力将利用已知的位置和大量的静态和动态测试进行系统的测试。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Presently, limitations of 3D motion capture systems used in the medical field, sports analysis, and in special effects for movies and video games Include: l) indirect Identification of markers, 2) minimum of 2 video camera requirement to capture any marker, and 3) loss of valuable data due to occlusions and merging. The Doppler properties of radio frequency (RF) signals, and digital and wireless communication technologies can overcome these limitations. This investigation will use the Doppler shift of an RF signal and digital communication techniques to develop a low cost, highly accurate and versatile 3D motion capture system. Specific Aim I: Develop/Test 2D Angle Measurement. Task 1: Build the 2D device. A Doppler transmitter unit will be constructed to send an RF signal to a miniature receiver sensor. Virtual movement of the transmitting antenna creates a Doppler shift in the signal at the receiver sensor. Task 2: Evaluation of the 2D device. The ability of a transmitter receiver unit to measure angle will be systematically tested using known angular positions, and both static and dynamic tests. Specific Aim II: Develop/Test 3D Position Measurement. The basic transmitting-receiving system developed in Aim 1 to measure angle will be expanded in Aim 2 to determine 3D position and orientation. Task 1: Build the 3D device. A Doppler transmitter unit, rotating in two orthogonal planes (vertical and horizontal) and a receiver sensor triad will be used to capture 3D position and orientation. The known separation between the sensor triad antennas and the signals it receives will be the basis for the 3D position and orientation calculations. Task 2: Evaluation of the 3D device. The ability of a transmitter-receiver system to measure position and orientation will be systematically tested using known positions, and numerous static and dynamic tests.