Higher order mechanisms in color discrimination

颜色辨别的高阶机制

• 批准号: 6518628
• 负责人: ALLEN L NAGY
• 金额: $ 14.3万
• 依托单位: WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-05 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6518628
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brightness discrimination; color visions; human subject; neural information processing; performance; psychophysics; sensory mechanism; vision tests; visual perception; visual stimulus; visual tracking

Studies of human color vision suggest that much of the data on detection and discrimination of color stimuli can be explained with only three independent cardinal mechanisms, tuned to different directions in color space, and a summation rule such as probability summation. Recent studies suggest that higher order color mechanisms, tuned to many different directions in color space, may influence detection and discrimination of color stimuli under some conditions. The action of higher order color mechanisms has been revealed most clearly by changes in the adaptive state of the observer. These higher order color mechanisms presumably combine signals from the three cardinal mechanisms which are believed to be formed in the initial stages of the visual system. Two aims of the proposed work are to determine whether cardinal mechanisms function independently in chromatic search tasks and whether higher order color mechanisms, tuned to many different directions in color space, contribute to the detection of a target stimulus in chromatic search tasks. Studies of visual search tasks have suggested that a somewhat different, more flexible, type of higher order mechanism under attentional control may contribute to the detection of a target stimulus among heterogeneous distractor stimuli. Results from these studies suggest that signals in different sensory coding mechanisms may be combined in mechanisms under attentional control to facilitate detection of the target. The sensory signals to be combined can be selected by the observer and may vary from task to task. The third aim of the proposed work is to investigate how signals in different color mechanisms are combined in mechanisms under attentional control to facilitate the detection of a target stimulus among distractor stimuli that are heterogeneous in color.

对人类色觉的研究表明，许多关于颜色刺激的检测和辨别的数据可以用三种独立的基本机制来解释，它们在颜色空间中被调谐到不同的方向，以及一种求和规则，如概率求和。 最近的研究表明，高阶颜色机制，调谐到许多不同的方向在颜色空间，可能会影响检测和辨别的颜色刺激在某些条件下。 高阶颜色机制的作用已经最清楚地揭示了观察者的自适应状态的变化。 这些更高级的颜色机制大概是由来自三个主要机制的信号联合收割机组合而成的，这三个主要机制被认为是在视觉系统的初始阶段形成的。 所提出的工作的两个目的是确定是否基数机制的功能独立于彩色搜索任务和是否高阶颜色机制，调整到许多不同的方向在颜色空间中，有助于检测目标刺激彩色搜索任务。视觉搜索任务的研究表明，一个有点不同的，更灵活的，类型的高阶机制下的注意力控制可能有助于检测目标刺激之间的异质干扰刺激。 这些研究的结果表明，在不同的感觉编码机制的信号可能会结合在注意力控制下的机制，以促进检测的目标。 要组合的感觉信号可以由观察者选择，并且可能因任务而异。 所提出的工作的第三个目的是调查如何在不同的颜色机制的信号相结合的机制下的注意力控制，以促进检测的目标刺激之间的干扰刺激是异质性的颜色。