QPP: Protease that Prevents Apoptosis in Quiescent Cells

描述（由申请人提供）：QPP（静止细胞脯氨酸二肽酶），也称为DPP 2/7，是一种囊泡蛋白酶，可从蛋白质的N末端切割二肽，从而影响其半衰期和/或受体特异性。虽然这种酶的完整功能概况还远未了解，但体外实验表明，QPP是原代淋巴细胞和神经元细胞中G 0静止程序的主要调节剂。本次更新申请的主要目的是分析静息淋巴细胞中QPP介导的存活机制。目的一：确定QPP功能作用的最直接方法是产生QPP缺陷的突变小鼠。由于以前的尝试，以获得传统的QP-/-小鼠抑制胚胎致死性，我们提出了一种新的替代产生的突变小鼠，利用Cre/IoxP重组酶系统，允许条件和诱导基因组改变。目的II：抑制QPP使静止淋巴细胞进入细胞周期，导致c-Myc和p53上调，最终诱导凋亡。因此，假定QPP酶活性是维持Go程序所需的。为了验证这一假设，将描述QPP的表达控制和作用机制。特别强调的是LKLF和STAT 5，这两个转录因子分别参与QPP表达的正调控和负调控。此外，c-Myc和p53在凋亡途径中的作用将被分析。目的III：为了充分理解真核细胞中G 0存活程序，定义QPP的生理底物是必要的。由于这是最雄心勃勃的项目，因此将使用各种方法来实现这一目标，包括筛选组合二肽底物文库，人和鼠QPP与DPP 4的结构比较，以及通过亲和基质色谱分离生理底物。总的来说，这些研究将增加我们对真核细胞中组成性Go生存程序的有限理解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): QPP (Quiescent cell Proline di-Peptidase), also termed DPP2/7, is a vesicular protease that cleaves dipeptides from the N-terminus of proteins, thereby impacting their half-life and/or receptor specificity. While the full functional profile of this enzyme is far from understood, in vitro experiments demonstrate that QPP is a major regulator of the G0 quiescence program in primary lymphocytes and neuronal cells. The primary objective of this renewal application is to analyze the mechanism of QPP-mediated survival in resting lymphocytes. Aim I: The most direct approach to define the functional role of QPP is to generate a mutant mouse deficient in QPP. Since previous attempts to derive conventional QP-/- mice were curbed by embryonic lethality, we propose a novel alternative to generate the mutant mouse, utilizing the Cre/IoxP recombinase system that allows conditional and inducible genome alterations. Aim II: Inhibition of QPP advances quiescent lymphocytes into cell cycle, leading to upregulation of c- Myc and p53 and finally apoptosis induction. Thus, it is postulated that QPP enzyme activity is required for maintaining the Go program. To test this hypothesis, the control of expression and mechanism of action of QPP will be delineated. Special emphasis will be given to LKLF and STAT5, two transcription factors that are implicated in positive and negative regulation of QPP expression, respectively. Furthermore, the role of c-Myc and p53 in the apoptosis pathway will be analyzed. Aim III: To fully understand the G0 survival program in eukaryotic cells, it is essential to define the physiological substrate(s) of QPP. Since this is the most ambitious project, various approaches will be used to reach this goal, including the screen of combinatorial dipeptide substrate libraries, the structural comparison of human and murine QPP with that of DPP4, and the isolation of a physiological substrate(s) by affinity matrix chromatography. Collectively, these studies will augment our limited understanding of the constitutive Go survival program in eukaryotic cells.