Media Effects on Eating Disorder Symptoms: Meta-analysis

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是对PA: NIMH小额资助计划（PA-03-039）的回应。由于饮食失调的发病率越来越高，而且是慢性疾病，因此从理论上研究其诱发和持续机制对于建立有效的预防和治疗方案至关重要。关于饮食失调的获得和维持，最具经验支持的理论是社会文化模型，该模型认为，大众媒体对女性苗条身材和男性苗条肌肉身材的文化理想身材的描绘，是饮食失调症状增加背后的动力（例如，对身体不满、愤怒、焦虑、抑郁增加）。研究媒体对饮食失调症状影响的最重要的数据来源是实验室实验研究，这些研究让参与者接触理想体型的图像，以确定它们对饮食失调症状的直接影响。由于这些研究的结果和方法相互矛盾，在确定大众媒体对理想体格的描绘对饮食失调症状的影响之前，需要对这些文献进行综合分析及其调节机制。本研究的目的是对实验室研究进行荟萃分析，研究急性暴露于媒体对理想体格的描绘对饮食失调症状的影响以及调节这种影响的机制。这一目标将有助于理解外科医生关于精神健康的报告的结论，即必须在社会和文化背景下理解精神疾病和相关健康问题，并将为这一领域的进一步研究和制定有效的媒介素养干预措施提供重要信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is in response to PA: NIMH Small Grants Program (PA-03-039). Because of the increased prevalence of eating disorders and their chronic nature, theoretically examining their precipitating and perpetuating mechanisms are essential for establishing effective prevention and treatment programs. The most empirically supported theory for the acquisition and maintenance of eating disorders is the socio-cultural model, which identifies the mass media's portrayal of the culturally-ideal physique of a thin and lean physique for women and a lean and muscular physique for men as the impetus behind increases in eating disorder symptoms (e.g., increased body dissatisfaction, anger, anxiety, depression). The most significant source of data examining the media effects on eating disorder symptoms are laboratory experimental studies that expose participants to images of the ideal physique to determine their immediate impact on eating disorder symptoms. Because these studies have contradictory results and methods, a meta-analytic synthesis of this literature and its moderating mechanisms is required before the effects of the mass media's portrayal of the ideal physique on eating disorder symptoms are determined. The objective of this study will be to meta-analytically review the laboratory research examining the acute exposure to the media's portrayal of the ideal physique on eating disorder symptoms and the mechanisms that moderate this effect. This objective will aid in understanding the Surgeon General's Report on Mental Health conclusion that mental illness and related health problems must be understood in a social and cultural context, and it will provide important information for further research in this area and for developing effective media-literacy interventions.