Examining Social Intimacy in Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers Associated with Loneliness

检查与孤独相关的心血管疾病生物标志物的社交亲密性

• 批准号: 10715017
• 负责人: Daniel William Mohandas Maitland
• 金额: $ 17.75万
• 依托单位: BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10715017
• 关键词: Address; Arousal; Back; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caring; Cigarette; Collection; Communities; County; Data; Development; Devices; Disclosure; Electrocardiogram; Emotional; Equation; Event; Feeling; Foundations; Funding; Future; Goals; Heart Rate; Hour; Individual; Interruption; Intervention; Investigation; Link; Loneliness; Measurement; Measures; Morbidity - disease rate; Names; Nervous System; Notification; Ohio; Outcome; Oxygen; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Preparation; Prevention strategy; Process; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Reaction; Relationship-Building; Reporting; Research; Research Assistant; Research Personnel; Rest; Role; Self Disclosure; Signal Transduction; Sinus Arrhythmia; Smoking; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Network; Social Processes; Social isolation; Students; Surveys; Sympathetic Nervous System; Techniques; Telephone; Tigers; Training; Wood material; Work; age group; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; cigarette smoking; design; experience; heart rate variability; innovation; intimate behavior; lonely individuals; member; mortality; multimodality; novel; prevent; programs; psychosocial; recruit; respiratory; response; social; social contact; social relationships; social situation; stressor

PROJECT ABSTRACT Loneliness is defined as a discrepancy between one's desired and actual level of social connection. Loneliness as a construct captures more than social isolation; it captures emotional isolation. Reported loneliness is a consistent predictor of increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Current estimates equate loneliness as having the same impact on mortality as smoking approximately 15 cigarettes a day. One pathway by which loneliness may impact mortality is through an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies routinely find a connection between loneliness and CVD, but the mechanism of that pathway is unclear. One factor common to both loneliness and CVD that may explain the relationship is the engagement of the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous systems (PNS). The PNS slows heart rate and reduces physiological arousal. The SNS is activated during times of threat, increasing heart rate and oxygen flow in the body. High levels of SNS engagement have been implicated as having a causal role in the development of CVD. Consistent with this proposed pathway, lonely individuals have lower respiratory sinus arrhythmia at rest and during stressors than non-lonely individuals, an indicator of increased SNS and lower PNS activity. This nervous system engagement may also be involved in disruptions in the behavioral processes that lead to connection. Social connection occurs one member of a dyad engages in a vulnerable self-disclosure, and the other responds in an understanding/caring way. Researchers have hypothesized that in lonely individuals, the SNS may be easily activated to regulate physiology and behavior, producing a lack of disclosure or inadequate responsiveness to disclosure. This pattern of SNS engagement and disruption to the social connection process may result in loneliness and increase the risk of CVD through the excessive engagement of the SNS. The present study proposes an innovative design using multiple ambulatory assessment techniques to assess heart rate variability (HRV), a biomarker of SNS engagement, during social interactions. During waking hours, participants will wear a heart rate variability collection device. Additionally, participants will complete both signal and event contingent ambulatory assessment surveys detailing their most recent social interactions and current feelings of loneliness. This project represents the first step of a line of research with the long-term goal of mitigating the effect of loneliness on CVD through psychosocial intervention. That is to say, the proposed study will inform psychosocial prevention strategies for CVD resulting from loneliness. The project moves towards that goal by identifying the relationship between closeness-generating behaviors and biomarkers of CVD and clarifying what part of the connection-building process is interrupted in lonely individuals.

项目摘要 孤独被定义为一个人所需的社会联系和实际水平之间的差异。孤独 作为一个构造，捕获的不仅仅是社会隔离。它捕获了情绪隔离。报告的孤独是一个 一致预测发病率和死亡率的增加。当前的估计等同于孤独 对死亡率的影响与每天大约15支香烟相同。一条途径 孤独可能会影响死亡率是通过增加心血管疾病（CVD）的风险。经常进行研究 找到孤独与CVD之间的联系，但是该途径的机制尚不清楚。一个因素 孤独和CVD的共同点可能解释了这种关系是同情的参与 （SNS）和副交感神经系统（PNS）。 PNS减慢心率并降低生理 唤醒。在威胁时期激活SNS，心率增加和体内的氧气流动。高的 SNS参与度的水平被暗示是在CVD的发展中起因果作用。 与这一提议的途径一致，孤独的个体在休息和 在压力源期间，与非孤独的个体相比，SNS增加和PNS活性降低的指标。这 神经系统的参与也可能参与导致行为过程中的中断 联系。社会联系发生在二元组的一个成员参与脆弱的自我披露，而 其他以理解/关怀的方式做出回应。研究人员假设在孤独的人中 SNS可能很容易被激活以调节生理和行为，导致缺乏披露或不足 对披露的反应。 SNS参与和对社会联系过程中断的模式 通过SNS过度参与，可能会导致孤独感并增加CVD的风险。这 本研究提出了一种使用多种门诊评估技术进行评估的创新设计 在社交互动期间，心率变异性（HRV）是SNS参与的生物标志物。在醒来的时间里， 参与者将佩戴心率可变性收集设备。此外，参与者将完成两者 信号和事件应有的门诊评估调查，以详细介绍其最新的社交互动和 当前的孤独感。该项目代表了具有长期目标的研究线的第一步 通过社会心理干预来减轻孤独对CVD的影响。也就是说，提议 研究将为孤独而引起的CVD的社会心理预防策略提供信息。项目移动 通过确定亲密生成行为与生物标志物之间的关系来实现这一目标 CVD并澄清孤独的个体中断连接过程的哪一部分。