Examining Social Intimacy in Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers Associated with Loneliness

检查与孤独相关的心血管疾病生物标志物的社交亲密性

• 批准号: 10715017
• 负责人: Daniel William Mohandas Maitland
• 金额: $ 17.75万
• 依托单位: BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10715017
• 关键词: Address; Arousal; Back; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caring; Cigarette; Collection; Communities; County; Data; Development; Devices; Disclosure; Electrocardiogram; Emotional; Equation; Event; Feeling; Foundations; Funding; Future; Goals; Heart Rate; Hour; Individual; Interruption; Intervention; Investigation; Link; Loneliness; Measurement; Measures; Morbidity - disease rate; Names; Nervous System; Notification; Ohio; Outcome; Oxygen; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Preparation; Prevention strategy; Process; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Reaction; Relationship-Building; Reporting; Research; Research Assistant; Research Personnel; Rest; Role; Self Disclosure; Signal Transduction; Sinus Arrhythmia; Smoking; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Network; Social Processes; Social isolation; Students; Surveys; Sympathetic Nervous System; Techniques; Telephone; Tigers; Training; Wood material; Work; age group; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; cigarette smoking; design; experience; heart rate variability; innovation; intimate behavior; lonely individuals; member; mortality; multimodality; novel; prevent; programs; psychosocial; recruit; respiratory; response; social; social contact; social relationships; social situation; stressor

PROJECT ABSTRACT Loneliness is defined as a discrepancy between one's desired and actual level of social connection. Loneliness as a construct captures more than social isolation; it captures emotional isolation. Reported loneliness is a consistent predictor of increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Current estimates equate loneliness as having the same impact on mortality as smoking approximately 15 cigarettes a day. One pathway by which loneliness may impact mortality is through an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies routinely find a connection between loneliness and CVD, but the mechanism of that pathway is unclear. One factor common to both loneliness and CVD that may explain the relationship is the engagement of the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous systems (PNS). The PNS slows heart rate and reduces physiological arousal. The SNS is activated during times of threat, increasing heart rate and oxygen flow in the body. High levels of SNS engagement have been implicated as having a causal role in the development of CVD. Consistent with this proposed pathway, lonely individuals have lower respiratory sinus arrhythmia at rest and during stressors than non-lonely individuals, an indicator of increased SNS and lower PNS activity. This nervous system engagement may also be involved in disruptions in the behavioral processes that lead to connection. Social connection occurs one member of a dyad engages in a vulnerable self-disclosure, and the other responds in an understanding/caring way. Researchers have hypothesized that in lonely individuals, the SNS may be easily activated to regulate physiology and behavior, producing a lack of disclosure or inadequate responsiveness to disclosure. This pattern of SNS engagement and disruption to the social connection process may result in loneliness and increase the risk of CVD through the excessive engagement of the SNS. The present study proposes an innovative design using multiple ambulatory assessment techniques to assess heart rate variability (HRV), a biomarker of SNS engagement, during social interactions. During waking hours, participants will wear a heart rate variability collection device. Additionally, participants will complete both signal and event contingent ambulatory assessment surveys detailing their most recent social interactions and current feelings of loneliness. This project represents the first step of a line of research with the long-term goal of mitigating the effect of loneliness on CVD through psychosocial intervention. That is to say, the proposed study will inform psychosocial prevention strategies for CVD resulting from loneliness. The project moves towards that goal by identifying the relationship between closeness-generating behaviors and biomarkers of CVD and clarifying what part of the connection-building process is interrupted in lonely individuals.

项目摘要 孤独被定义为一个人所期望的社会联系与实际社会联系之间的差异。孤独 作为一个结构，它不仅仅捕捉了社会孤立，它还捕捉了情感孤立。报告的孤独是一个 发病率和死亡率增加的一致预测因素。目前的估计将孤独等同于 其对死亡率的影响与每天吸烟约15支香烟相同。一种途径， 孤独可能会通过增加心血管疾病（CVD）的风险来影响死亡率。常规研究 找到孤独和心血管疾病之间的联系，但该途径的机制尚不清楚。一个因素 孤独和心血管疾病的共同点是，同情心的参与可能解释了这种关系。 (SNS)和副交感神经系统（PNS）。PNS减慢心率并减少生理性 兴奋SNS在受到威胁时被激活，增加心率和体内氧气流量。高 SNS参与水平在CVD的发展中具有因果作用。 与这一拟议的途径相一致，孤独的人在休息时有下呼吸道窦性心律失常， 在压力源比非孤独的个人，增加SNS和较低的PNS活动的指标。这 神经系统的参与也可能涉及到行为过程的中断， 连接.社会联系发生在一个二元体的一个成员参与一个脆弱的自我披露， 其他人则以理解/关心的方式回应。研究人员假设，在孤独的个体中， SNS可能很容易被激活，以调节生理和行为，产生缺乏披露或不充分的 对披露的反应。这种SNS参与模式和对社会联系过程的破坏 可能会导致孤独，并通过SNS的过度参与增加CVD的风险。的 本研究提出了一种创新的设计，使用多种动态评估技术，以评估 心率变异性（HRV），社交互动期间SNS参与的生物标志物。在醒着的时候， 参加者将佩戴心率变异性收集装置。此外，参与者将完成两个 信号和事件相关动态评估调查，详细说明他们最近的社会互动， 孤独的感觉该项目代表了一系列具有长期目标的研究的第一步 通过心理干预减轻孤独对心血管疾病的影响。也就是说，拟议的 这项研究将为孤独导致的心血管疾病的心理社会预防策略提供信息。项目移动 通过确定亲密行为和生物标志物之间的关系， CVD和澄清连接建立过程的哪一部分在孤独的个体中被中断。