Deciphering Male- and Female-coordinated Gating Mechanisms that Ensure Plant Reproductive Success

破译确保植物繁殖成功的雄性和雌性协调的门控机制

• 批准号: 10735145
• 负责人: Alice Y. Cheung
• 金额: $ 31.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10735145
• 关键词: Address; Agriculture; Alkalinization; Angiosperms; Binding; Biochemical; Biochemical Process; Biological Process; Brassica; Capsid Proteins; Cell Communication; Cell Nucleus; Cell Wall; Cell fusion; Cell physiology; Cells; Communication; Complex; Cytoplasm; Deposition; Disease; Dissection; Droughts; Ensure; Environment; Equilibrium; Event; Failure; Female; Fertilization; Floods; Flowers; Food Chain; Future; GPI Membrane Anchors; Germination; Glycols; Goals; Growth; Health; High temperature of physical object; Homologous Gene; Human; Knowledge; Ligands; Location; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Molecular; Mouse-ear Cress; Nitric Oxide; Nurses; Nutritional; Partner in relationship; Pectins; Penetration; Peptide Receptor; Peptides; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Phosphotransferases; Pistil; Planets; Plants; Pollen; Pollen Tube; Positioning Attribute; Process; Production; Proliferating; Proteins; Qualifying; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reproduction; Research; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Surface; Tissues; Transcription Factor AP-1; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; cell motility; climate-related health; cold temperature; design; egg; experimental study; food security; fundamental research; improved; interest; male; model organism; prevent; public health relevance; rational design; receptor; reproductive; reproductive success; rho GTP-Binding Proteins; social stigma; sperm cell; success; transmission process; ward; zygote

Project Summary Reproduction in flowering plants depends on multiple male (pollen)-female (pistil) interactive steps to deliver sperm, which are non-motile and transported as cytoplasmic cargos by the pollen tube through several specialized pistil tissues to the female target for fertilization, leading to seed production. The proposed research addresses key cell-cell communicative events in three distinct prezygotic (i.e. prior to sperm-egg fusion) phases during the pollen/pollen tube journey in the pistil to enable fertilization. Long- term efforts in our lab have set discovery milestones for the field and recently elucidated key molecular players in each of these phases, providing critical advances and unprecedented opportunities for the mechanistic dissection proposed here. The pistil supports pollen germination on its receptive surface, the stigma, to produce a pollen tube that grows inside the transmitting tissue to reach the target egg-bearing chamber, the female gametophyte located inside an ovule. Once arriving at the female gametophyte, the pollen tube burst, releasing sperm for fertilization, producing seed. The pistil also set up barriers to ward off unwanted mates or invasive disease agents, and to effectively prevent multiple pollen tubes from penetrating the same female gametophyte to suppress polyspermy and ensure progeny health. We discovered three related signaling modules, each critical for one the three prezygotic phases. Phase 1 supports pollen germination on the stigma. Phase 2 achieves two goals, one ensuring pollen tube integrity until it reaches its target, the other ensuring single pollen tube entry into an ovule. Phase 3 occurs at the pollen tube/ovule and pollen tube/female gametophyte interfaces. Interactions here induce bursting of the first-arriving pollen tube in the female gametophyte and trigger a mechanism for a local polyspermy block to further ensure against supernumerary pollen tube entry into an already penetrated female gametophyte. These signaling modules are anchored by the pistil-expressed receptor kinase FERONIA or pollen-expressed homologs, each partnering with a GPI-anchored protein (GPI-AP) LORELEI (LRE) or LRE-like GPI-AP1,2,3 (LLG1,2,3) to serve as coreceptors for peptide ligands called RALFs (Rapid Alkalinization Factors). Here we propose experiments to elucidate how these signaling modules and additional regulatory factors impact the molecular interactions, biochemical processes and cellular conditions in pistillate cells to mediate success for these prezygotic phases, enabling fertilization, and to prevent unwanted intrusions. Plants have evolved but hidden in the most protected location these highly sophisticated cell-cell communication strategies to ensure their own proliferation. Our expertise positions us uniquely capable of achieving these goals, which will fill a complete mechanistic void, setting paradigms to guide studies in many ecologically and agriculturally important plants, and inform rational designs to safe-guard reproductive success, ensuring food security to provide for global nutritional needs.

项目摘要 开花植物的繁殖依赖于多个雄性(花粉)-雌性(雌蕊)交互步骤来 传递精子，这些精子是不活动的，通过花粉管作为细胞质货物通过 几个特化的雌蕊组织以雌性为受精目标，导致种子产生。这个 拟议的研究解决了三个不同的预合子(即，在 精子-卵子融合)在雌蕊中的花粉/花粉管旅行的阶段，从而使受精成为可能。长- 我们实验室的长期努力为这一领域的发现设定了里程碑，并最近阐明了关键分子 这些阶段中的每一个参与者，为 这里提出了机械解剖。雌蕊在其接受表面支持花粉萌发， 柱头，产生一根花粉管，在传递组织内生长，到达目标产卵 室，雌配子体位于胚珠内。一旦到达雌配子体， 花粉管破裂，释放精子受精，产生种子。雌蕊也设置了障碍，以保护 清除不想要的配偶或侵入性疾病媒介，并有效防止多个花粉管 穿透同一雌配子体，抑制多精受精，确保后代健康。我们 发现了三个相关的信号模块，每个模块都对三个预合子阶段中的一个至关重要。阶段1 支持柱头上的花粉萌发。第二阶段实现两个目标，一个是确保花粉管的完整性 直到它到达它的目标，另一个确保单个花粉管进入胚珠。第三阶段发生在 花粉管/胚珠和花粉管/雌配子体界面。这里的相互作用导致了 在雌配子体中最先到达的花粉管，并触发局部多精受精的机制 进一步防止多余的花粉管进入已经穿透的雌性体内 配子体。这些信号模块由雌蕊表达的受体激酶费洛尼亚锚定。 或花粉表达的同系物，每个与GPI锚定蛋白(GPI-AP)Lorelei(LRE)配对。 或类似LRE的GPI-AP1，2，3(LLG1，2，3)作为称为Ralf(Rapid)的多肽配体的辅助受体 碱化因素)。在这里，我们建议进行实验，以阐明这些信号模块和 其他调节因子影响分子相互作用、生化过程和细胞 在雌核细胞中调节这些前合子阶段的成功的条件，使受精，并 防止不必要的入侵。植物进化了，但隐藏在最受保护的地方 复杂的细胞间通信策略，以确保它们自身的增殖。我们的专业职位 美国独一无二地有能力实现这些目标，这将填补一个完全机械的空白，设置 指导对许多生态和农业重要植物的研究的范例，并向理性 旨在安全保障生殖成功，确保粮食安全，满足全球营养需求。