Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (NPAAS)

说明(由申请人提供)：本提案请求支持妇女健康倡议(WHI)观察性研究(OS)部分内的营养和体力活动评估研究。OS队列由93,676名年龄在50-79岁的绝经后妇女组成，她们在1994-1998年间在美国的40个WHI临床中心登记。这项研究将在450名绝经后体重稳定的女性中进行，其中种族/少数民族女性和身体质量指数处于极端水平的女性样本过多。参与的女性将完成与WHI登记筛选相同的食物频率问卷(FFQ)和体力活动问卷、四天食物记录(4DFR)，与WHI饮食修改试验(48,835名女性)基线时使用的一样，以及其他选定的饮食和体力活动评估(三次24小时饮食召回、一次体力活动频率问卷、社会合意性测量和七天体力活动召回)。参与活动的妇女将遵循双重标记水方案，以客观地评估总能量消耗，并遵循间接热量测量方案，以评估静息能量消耗，从而也产生与活动有关的能量消耗的客观评估。蛋白质、钠和钾的消耗也将通过尿样进行评估，选定的营养物质的浓度将在血液样本中进行测量。这些数据将用于评估和对比饮食和体力活动评估工具及其组合的测量特性，重点是：作为体重、种族、年龄和其他个人特征函数的系统性偏差；特定个人和随机测量误差方差的大小；以及不同评估程序误差之间的关联模式。此外，这些数据将被用来校准在基线收集的FFQ、4DFR和体力活动问卷数据，随后在WHI中用于一系列分析，以将饮食和体力活动模式与体重变化和疾病风险联系起来，在WHI临床试验和观察性研究中对161,808名女性进行平均10年的随访。这项研究将在研究不足的美国人群中提供亟需的饮食和体力活动评估数据，并将为解释现有研究和未来研究计划提供关键信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests support for a Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study within the Observational Study (OS) component of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). The OS cohort is comprised of 93,676 postmenopausal women in the age range 50-79 when enrolled at the 40 WHI Clinical Centers in the U.S. between 1994 -1998. The study will be conducted among 450 postmenopausal weight-stable women with oversampling of racial/ethnic minority women and of women in the extremes of body mass index. Participating women will complete the same food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and physical activity questionnaire used at screening for WHI enrollment, a four-day food record (4DFR) as was used at baseline in the WHI Dietary Modification Trial (48,835 women), and other selected dietary and physical activity assessments (three 24-hour dietary recalls, a physical activity frequency questionnaire, social desirability measures, and a 7-day physical activity recall). Participating women will follow a doubly-labeled water protocol to objectively assess total energy expenditure and an indirect calorimetry protocol to assess resting energy expenditure, thereby also yielding an objective assessment of activity-related energy expenditure. The expenditure of protein, sodium, and potassium will also be assessed from urine specimens, and the concentrations of selected nutrients will be measured in blood specimens. These data will be used to evaluate and contrast measurement properties of the dietary and physical activity assessment tools and their combination, with an emphasis on: systematic bias as a function of body mass, ethnicity, age, and other individual characteristics; the magnitude of person- specific and random measurement error variances; and the correlation patterns among errors from differing assessment procedures. Additionally, the data will be used to calibrate the FFQ, 4DFR, and physical activity questionnaire data collected at baseline, and subsequently, in the WHI, for use in a range of analyses to associate dietary and physical activity patterns with weight change and disease risk over an average 10-year follow-up period among 161,808 women in the WHI Clinical Trial and Observational Study. The study will provide much needed data regarding dietary and physical activity assessment in an understudied segment of the U.S. population, and will provide crucial information for interpreting existing studies and for future study planning.