Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (NPAAS)

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案要求支持妇女健康倡议（WHI）观察性研究（OS）组成部分内的营养和体力活动评估研究。OS队列包括1994 - 1998年间在美国40个WHI临床中心入组的93，676名年龄范围为50-79岁的绝经后女性。本研究将在450名绝经后体重稳定的女性中进行，对种族/少数民族女性和体重指数极端的女性进行过采样。参与女性将完成与WHI入选筛选时相同的食物频率问卷（FFQ）和体力活动问卷，即WHI饮食调整试验基线时使用的4天食物记录（4DFR（48，835名妇女），以及其他选定的饮食和体力活动评估（三个24小时饮食回忆，身体活动频率问卷，社会期望措施，和7天的身体活动回忆）。参与的妇女将遵循双标记水协议，以客观地评估总能量消耗和间接测热协议，以评估静息能量消耗，从而也产生了活动相关的能量消耗的客观评估。还将从尿液标本中评估蛋白质、钠和钾的消耗，并在血液标本中测量选定营养素的浓度。这些数据将用于评价和对比饮食和体力活动评估工具及其组合的测量特性，重点是：作为体重、种族、年龄和其他个体特征的函数的系统偏倚;个体特异性和随机测量误差方差的大小;以及来自不同评估程序的误差之间的相关模式。此外，这些数据将用于校准基线时收集的FFQ，4DFR和体力活动问卷数据，随后在WHI中，用于一系列分析，以将饮食和体力活动模式与WHI临床试验和观察性研究中161，808名女性的平均10年随访期内的体重变化和疾病风险相关联。该研究将提供有关美国人口中未充分研究的部分的饮食和身体活动评估的急需数据，并将为解释现有研究和未来研究计划提供关键信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests support for a Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study within the Observational Study (OS) component of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). The OS cohort is comprised of 93,676 postmenopausal women in the age range 50-79 when enrolled at the 40 WHI Clinical Centers in the U.S. between 1994 -1998. The study will be conducted among 450 postmenopausal weight-stable women with oversampling of racial/ethnic minority women and of women in the extremes of body mass index. Participating women will complete the same food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and physical activity questionnaire used at screening for WHI enrollment, a four-day food record (4DFR) as was used at baseline in the WHI Dietary Modification Trial (48,835 women), and other selected dietary and physical activity assessments (three 24-hour dietary recalls, a physical activity frequency questionnaire, social desirability measures, and a 7-day physical activity recall). Participating women will follow a doubly-labeled water protocol to objectively assess total energy expenditure and an indirect calorimetry protocol to assess resting energy expenditure, thereby also yielding an objective assessment of activity-related energy expenditure. The expenditure of protein, sodium, and potassium will also be assessed from urine specimens, and the concentrations of selected nutrients will be measured in blood specimens. These data will be used to evaluate and contrast measurement properties of the dietary and physical activity assessment tools and their combination, with an emphasis on: systematic bias as a function of body mass, ethnicity, age, and other individual characteristics; the magnitude of person- specific and random measurement error variances; and the correlation patterns among errors from differing assessment procedures. Additionally, the data will be used to calibrate the FFQ, 4DFR, and physical activity questionnaire data collected at baseline, and subsequently, in the WHI, for use in a range of analyses to associate dietary and physical activity patterns with weight change and disease risk over an average 10-year follow-up period among 161,808 women in the WHI Clinical Trial and Observational Study. The study will provide much needed data regarding dietary and physical activity assessment in an understudied segment of the U.S. population, and will provide crucial information for interpreting existing studies and for future study planning.