Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (NPAAS)

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案要求支持妇女健康倡议（WHI）观察性研究（OS）组成部分的营养和体育活动评估研究。OS队列由93,676名年龄在50-79岁之间的绝经后妇女组成，她们于1994 -1998年在美国40个WHI临床中心登记。这项研究将在450名绝经后体重稳定的妇女中进行，并对少数民族妇女和体重指数极端的妇女进行过采样。参与研究的女性将完成与WHI入组筛查时使用的相同的食物频率问卷（FFQ）和身体活动问卷，一份为期四天的食物记录（4DFR），与WHI饮食改变试验（48,835名女性）基线时使用的食物记录（4DFR），以及其他选定的饮食和身体活动评估（3次24小时饮食回忆、一份身体活动频率问卷、社会期望测量和7天的身体活动回忆）。参与研究的女性将采用双标签水方案来客观评估总能量消耗，采用间接量热法方案来评估静息能量消耗，从而对与活动相关的能量消耗进行客观评估。还将从尿液标本中评估蛋白质、钠和钾的消耗，并在血液标本中测量选定营养素的浓度。这些数据将用于评估和对比饮食和身体活动评估工具及其组合的测量特性，重点是：作为体重、种族、年龄和其他个体特征函数的系统偏差；个人特异性和随机测量误差方差的大小；以及不同评估程序中误差的相关模式。此外，这些数据将用于校准基线时收集的FFQ、4DFR和身体活动问卷数据，随后，在WHI中，用于一系列分析，将饮食和身体活动模式与体重变化和疾病风险联系起来，这些分析是在WHI临床试验和观察性研究的161,808名妇女的平均10年随访期间进行的。这项研究将为美国人口中未被充分研究的部分提供关于饮食和体育活动评估的急需数据，并将为解释现有研究和未来研究计划提供关键信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests support for a Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study within the Observational Study (OS) component of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). The OS cohort is comprised of 93,676 postmenopausal women in the age range 50-79 when enrolled at the 40 WHI Clinical Centers in the U.S. between 1994 -1998. The study will be conducted among 450 postmenopausal weight-stable women with oversampling of racial/ethnic minority women and of women in the extremes of body mass index. Participating women will complete the same food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and physical activity questionnaire used at screening for WHI enrollment, a four-day food record (4DFR) as was used at baseline in the WHI Dietary Modification Trial (48,835 women), and other selected dietary and physical activity assessments (three 24-hour dietary recalls, a physical activity frequency questionnaire, social desirability measures, and a 7-day physical activity recall). Participating women will follow a doubly-labeled water protocol to objectively assess total energy expenditure and an indirect calorimetry protocol to assess resting energy expenditure, thereby also yielding an objective assessment of activity-related energy expenditure. The expenditure of protein, sodium, and potassium will also be assessed from urine specimens, and the concentrations of selected nutrients will be measured in blood specimens. These data will be used to evaluate and contrast measurement properties of the dietary and physical activity assessment tools and their combination, with an emphasis on: systematic bias as a function of body mass, ethnicity, age, and other individual characteristics; the magnitude of person- specific and random measurement error variances; and the correlation patterns among errors from differing assessment procedures. Additionally, the data will be used to calibrate the FFQ, 4DFR, and physical activity questionnaire data collected at baseline, and subsequently, in the WHI, for use in a range of analyses to associate dietary and physical activity patterns with weight change and disease risk over an average 10-year follow-up period among 161,808 women in the WHI Clinical Trial and Observational Study. The study will provide much needed data regarding dietary and physical activity assessment in an understudied segment of the U.S. population, and will provide crucial information for interpreting existing studies and for future study planning.