Rakai Orphans in Communities

拉凯社区孤儿

• 批准号: 10760957
• 负责人: JOHN S. SANTELLI
• 金额: $ 80.34万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-21 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10760957
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent HIV risk; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Age; Area; Attention; Behavioral; Child; Child Health; Cohort Studies; Communities; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Data; Distal; Economic Factors; Economics; Education; Educational Status; Epidemic; Event; Extended Family; Family; Family health status; Funding; Future; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Health Policy; Household; Incidence; Individual; Information Systems; Interview; Investments; Male Circumcision; Marriage; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Mental Health; Methods; Occupations; Orphan; Parents; Perinatal; Policies; Population; Poverty; Prevention; Prevention program; Reporting; Resource-limited setting; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Route; Secondary Schools; Social Environment; Social Impacts; Social Policies; Social outcome; Socioeconomic Status; South Africa; Time; Uganda; United States National Institutes of Health; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; adverse outcome; antiretroviral therapy; burden of illness; cost; economic impact; improved; infection risk; innovation; life history; male; mortality; prevent; programs; sex; social; social factors; social health determinants; transmission process; treatment program

ROC Summary/Abstract Loss of one or both parents can have devastating consequences for children, adolescents, extended families, communities, and nations. Recently, improvements in HIV treatment and prevention have led to dramatic declines in orphanhood. This appears to be the result of combination HIV prevention (CHP), particularly expanded access to highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) and declining HIV-related mortality among adults – adults who are often parents. The declines in HIV-related orphanhood proffer substantial benefits to children and youth, families, and their communities. Little is known about how declines in orphanhood among youth may have impacted social and economic factors that influence HIV risk as orphans move into the adolescent and young adult (AYA) years. The Rakai Orphans in Communities (ROC) Study will explore impact, measurement, and policy issues at the intersection of orphanhood, HIV risk among AYA, adolescent social transitions, and family and social context. Impacts include HIV risk and social and economic consequences. Measurement of age at orphaning will be a critical component of this proposal. In several studies, earlier age at orphaning appears to be related to more adverse outcomes. Thus, key issues are estimating the impact of orphanhood on social and behavior risk for HIV and how that impact may change based on the age at orphaning. An under-explored component which we will examine is the economic benefits of CHP weighed against the costs. Using the rich resources of the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS), we will explore the relationship between HIV treatment and prevention, orphanhood, and new HIV infection among AYA. Documenting the impact of CHP on HIV-related orphanhood and the decline HIV risk will guide future investments in HIV treatment and prevention programs and health and social policies for children and youth.

中华民国总结/文摘