Filtration Media for In-Home PFAS Removal from Drinking Water

项目摘要/摘要 家用滤料去除饮用水中的全氟辛烷磺酸 SBIR二期应用 P.I.史蒂文·迪茨，TDA Research，Inc. 全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFA)，通常也称为全氟化合物，是一个大家族 已经使用了几十年的人造的、分布在全球的化学品。全氟辛酸(PFOA)和 全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)是最常见的全氟辛烷磺酸，但也存在数以千计的其他衍生物。全氟辛烷磺酸 广泛应用于不粘锅(特氟龙®)、地毯和地毯处理产品等消费品 (Scotchgard®)，食品包装，含水灭火泡沫，液压航空燃料和航空航天， 汽车、建筑和电子行业。全氟辛烷磺酸是地下水中新出现的环境污染物， 由于它们在全球的分布、持久性、毒性和对生物的倾向，它们正引起人们的极大关注。 积累。已经在49个州的1400多个地点发现了全氟辛烷磺酸的污染，环境保护局估计 超过1.1亿美国人的饮用水可能已经受到污染。一旦发布到 在环境中，它们不容易被空气、水或阳光分解。因此，人们可以接触到 都是几十年前制造的。PFAS可以在空气和水中进行长距离飞行，使人们暴露在PFAS中 制造的或从许多英里外的设施排放的。人类接触也可以通过接触 含有全氟辛烷磺酸的产品。2016年，美国环保局将终身健康咨询(LHA)水平设定为万亿分之七十 饮用水中个人或组合浓度的全氟辛烷磺酸(Ppt)，许多州甚至 较低的水平。流行病学研究表明，PFAS在人类中的发生与甲状腺疾病有关， 高胆固醇、溃疡性结肠炎、肾癌、睾丸癌和妊娠高血压。当前 能够达到环保局目标的水处理技术成本效益不高，特别是对于家庭使用， 需要高效、经济、高效的技术/先进材料来清洁饮用水 可以达到目前环保局70%的目标，纽约州10%的新下限，以及可能更严格的 随之而来的法规。 TDA Research，Inc.(TDA)建议开发一种基于吸附的系统来去除饮用水中的全氟辛烷磺酸 低至环保局规定的70ppt(百万分之)或更低的限制。这种系统的关键是低成本、高成本 具有快速动力学去除全氟辛烷磺酸的容量吸附剂。TDA的吸附剂使用介孔碳结构接枝 使用Lewis碱官能化基团通过物理吸附去除PFAS。中孔提供了非常快的 吸附动力学和官能化吸附部位的可及性。路易斯酸碱的强度 可以调节相互作用，以允许即使在存在所发现的多种污染物的情况下，吸着剂也有效 在饮用水中。吸附剂的快速吸附和高PFAS容量将减小系统规模并使 它们在较小的家庭系统中的使用。 14.

Project Summary/Abstract Title Filtration Media for In-Home PFAS Removal from Drinking Water SBIR Phase II Application P.I.: Steven Dietz, TDA Research, Inc. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), also commonly known as perfluorinated compounds, are a large family of man-made, globally distributed chemicals that have been used for decades. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are the most common PFAS, but thousands of other derivatives exist. PFAS have been widely used in consumer products such as non-stick cookware (Teflon®), carpets and carpet treatment products (Scotchgard®), food packaging, aqueous firefighting foams, hydraulic aviation fuels and in the aerospace, automotive, construction, and electronics industries. PFAS are emerging environmental pollutants in groundwater, and they are attracting significant attention due to their global distribution, persistence, toxicity and tendency to bio- accumulate. PFAS contamination has been found in more than 1400 locations in 49 states and the EPA estimates that the drinking water of more than 110 million Americans may already be contaminated. Once released into the environment, they are not easily broken down by air, water, or sunlight. Thus, people can be exposed to PFAS that were manufactured decades in the past. PFAS can travel long distances in the air and water, exposing people to PFAS manufactured or emitted from facilities many miles away. Human exposure can also occur through contact with products containing PFAS. In 2016, EPA established a lifetime health advisory (LHA) level of 70 parts per trillion (ppt) for individual or combined concentrations of PFAS in drinking water and many states are establishing even lower levels. Epidemiological studies have shown that the occurrence of PFAS in humans is linked to thyroid disease, high cholesterol, ulcerative colitis, kidney cancer, testicular cancer, and pregnancy-induced hypertension. Current water treatment technologies that can meet the EPA targets are not cost effective, especially for in-home use, necessitating a need for technology/advanced materials to cleanup drinking water that are efficient, cost effective and can meet the current EPA target of 70 ppt, the new lower New York state limit of 10 ppt and the likely even stricter regulations that will follow. TDA Research, Inc (TDA) proposes to develop an adsorption-based system for removing PFAS from drinking water down to EPA prescribed limits of 70 ppt (parts per trillion) or lower. The key to such a system is a low cost, high capacity adsorbent with fast kinetics to remove PFAS. TDA's sorbent uses a mesoporous carbon structure grafted with Lewis base functionalized groups to remove PFAS via physical adsorption. The mesopores provides very fast adsorption kinetics and accessibility to the functionalized adsorption sites. The strength of the Lewis acid-base interaction can be tuned to allow the sorbent to be effective even in the presence of the multiple contaminants found in drinking water. The fast adsorption and high PFAS capacity of the sorbent will reduce the system size and enable their use in smaller home-based systems. 14