Dissecting the causal impact of prenatal HIV exposure and the postnatal environment on development in Malawian Infants

剖析产前艾滋病毒暴露和产后环境对马拉维婴儿发育的因果影响

• 批准号: 10762850
• 负责人: Andrea G. Buchwald
• 金额: $ 15.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10762850
• 关键词: 5 year old; Accounting; Address; Africa South of the Sahara; Age; Area; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biostatistical Methods; Birth; Blood specimen; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Childhood; Clinic; Cohort Studies; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Development; Development Plans; Dimensions; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologist; Equation; Etiology; Evaluation; Exposure to; Faculty; Flow Cytometry; Frequencies; Goals; Growth; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV-exposed uninfected infant; Health; Home environment; Immune; Immunity; Immunologic Markers; Immunologics; Immunology; Impairment; Infant; Infant Development; Infant Health; Infection; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Infectious Diseases Research; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Language Development; Leadership; Life; Machine Learning; Malawi; Maryland; Maternal and Child Health; Measures; Mental Health; Mentors; Methodological Studies; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Motor; Nature; Neonatal; Neurocognitive; Neurocognitive Deficit; Outcome; Pregnancy; Principal Investigator; Productivity; Public Health; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Risk; Second Pregnancy Trimester; Severity of illness; Social Behavior; Socioeconomic Status; T-Lymphocyte; Techniques; Testing; Training; Umbilical Cord Blood; Universities; arm; career; career development; causal model; cohort; complex data; data integration; design; disease transmission; diverse data; early childhood; effective intervention; efficacious intervention; examination questions; executive function; follow-up; global health; immunological status; improved; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; large datasets; maternal wellbeing; medical schools; multidisciplinary; neonatal immunity; neurodevelopment; novel; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; psychosocial; skills; therapy design; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Infant health and neurodevelopment in early life may be impaired by a wide range of prenatal and postnatal factors including maternal infection and inflammation, and the socio-behavioral postnatal environment. Identifying the independent impact of these exposures is critical for defining key interventions to improve infant health and development. This proposal addresses a long-standing challenge in examining multifactorial outcomes such as neurocognitive development that require incorporating both biological and psychosocial exposures. The Principal Investigator, Dr. Andrea Buchwald, is an infectious disease epidemiologist at University of Maryland School of Medicine with expertise in biostatistical methods and global health. She will use multidisciplinary methodology to address this challenge, examining the independent contributions of prenatal and postnatal exposures on child health and development in a cohort including HIV exposed and uninfected infants. Using data from an on-going cohort study in Malawi, Dr. Buchwald will be uniquely able to develop an innovative statistical approach to examine the contribution of both biological and socio-behavioral factors on infant health and development. Mothers with and without HIV infection were enrolled in their second trimester of pregnancy and infants are being followed up through five years of age for health and development outcomes. Dr. Buchwald will use a multidisciplinary approach, combining machine learning and structural equation modeling, to address the following aims: Aim 1: Estimate the independent contributions of in utero exposure to HIV and postnatal environmental factors on infant health and neurocognitive development. Aim 2: Identify immunological profiles at birth predictive of infant health and neurocognitive development. The results of this research will help us to identify key intervention targets for improving child health and development, to inform intervention design and implementation. Dr. Buchwald’s goal is to become an independent investigator in in pediatric infectious disease, with expertise in utilizing cross-disciplinary methodology to address the multifactorial nature of infectious disease. Towards this goal, she proposes a comprehensive career development plan that will enhance her existing skills in infectious disease epidemiology while providing mentored training in 1) data integration of large datasets, 2) socio-behavioral methodology, 3) analyzing large biological datasets, and 4) leadership skills. Dr. Buchwald has assembled a highly accomplished multidisciplinary team of mentors with unique areas of expertise including global health research, maternal/child health, neonatal immunology, bioinformatics, structural equation modeling, and neurodevelopment. Her mentors have a track record of successfully mentoring trainees and junior faculty and the University of Maryland School of Medicine will provide the ideal environment for Dr. Buchwald to establish a productive independent research career.

项目总结/文摘