Medicine and Medical Science in the Age of Bioethics

生物伦理学时代的医学和医学科学

• 批准号: 7409582
• 负责人: RAYMOND G DE VRIES
• 金额: $ 7.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7409582
• 关键词: Age; American; Animals; Arts; Attention; Bioethics; Bioethics Consultants; Biological Sciences; Biotechnology; Birth; Books; Classification; Clinic; Education; Educational Curriculum; Ethical Issues; Ethics; Ethics Committees; Funding; Future; Healed; Health Professional; Hospitals; Human; Industry; Institution; Medical; Medical Device; Medical Research; Medicine; Methods; Monitor; Patient Care; Pharmacologic Substance; Physicians; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Subjects; Research Training; Science; Scientist; Services; Today; Training; Universities; Vision; Work; college; healing; medical schools; next generation; social; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Four decades ago the profession of bioethics did not exist. Today, bioethics is a part of the landscape of the life sciences: ethics committees are now mandatory in American hospitals; all federally funded research that involves human beings or animals must be reviewed by a board constituted to protect the subjects of research; a plethora of seminars offer training in bioethics for those who need, or wish, to offer ethical advice; bioethics courses are now a regular part of the curriculum at universities, colleges and medical schools. Given the growing importance of bioethics for the practice of medicine and medical research, it is imperative that those who provide, and those who use, medical services have a clear picture of how this new profession is influencing the art and science of healing. Combining the methods of social history and sociological analysis, Medicine's Monitor provides the first systematic study of the organization and substance of bioethics. The aim of this project is to explore the reciprocal influence between bioethics and the work of medicine and medical science. This will be done by: revisiting the history of bioethics, paying particular attention to the societal (i.e., social and cultural) and professional (i.e., medicine and medical science) contexts that gave birth to, and nurtured, bioethics; describing past and ongoing struggles on how to best organize bioethics both as a profession and within institutions; closely examining the influence of bioethics: a) on the education of health professionals, b) in the clinic, c) in medical research, and d) in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries; and considering the future of the field, including alternative visions of the bioethical presence in medicine.

描述(由申请人提供)： 40年前，生物伦理学这个职业还不存在。如今，生物伦理学已经成为生命科学领域的一部分：伦理委员会现在在美国的医院里是强制性的；所有由联邦政府资助的涉及人类或动物的研究，都必须经过一个为保护研究对象而成立的委员会的审查；有太多的研讨会为那些需要或希望提供伦理建议的人提供生物伦理学培训；生物伦理学课程现在是大学、学院和医学院的常规课程的一部分。鉴于生物伦理学对医学实践和医学研究的重要性与日俱增，提供和使用医疗服务的人必须清楚地了解这一新职业是如何影响治疗艺术和科学的。结合社会史和社会学分析的方法，《医学监测》首次系统地研究了生物伦理学的组织和实质。这个项目的目的是探索生物伦理学与医学和医学科学工作之间的相互影响。这将通过以下方式完成：重温生物伦理学的历史，特别关注催生和培育生物伦理学的社会(即社会和文化)和专业(即医学和医学)背景；描述过去和正在进行的关于如何最好地将生物伦理学作为一种职业和在机构内组织起来的斗争；密切审查生物伦理学的影响：a)对卫生专业人员的教育；b)在临床；c)在医学研究；d)在制药和医疗器械行业；以及考虑该领域的未来，包括关于生物伦理在医学中存在的其他观点。