Isocyanate Skin and Air Exposure: Assessment and Control

异氰酸酯皮肤和空气暴露：评估和控制

• 批准号: 7735514
• 负责人: CARRIE A REDLICH
• 金额: $ 42.44万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7735514
• 关键词: Isocyanate; Skin; Air; Exposure; Assessment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is the second revision of a RO1 proposal to investigate isocyanate skin and air exposures in an MDI fabric coating factory and implement a field intervention program to reduce isocyanate skin exposures. Reactive isocyanates, widely used as the essential cross-linker for producing polyurethane, have been a leading cause of occupational asthma for over 50 years. Until recently it has been presumed that the respiratory tract is the key route of isocyanate exposure, with clinical practice, research and prevention to-date focused almost exclusively on airborne exposures. There is growing evidence that isocyanate skin exposure can contribute to the development of isocyanate asthma. Despite reduced respiratory isocyanate exposures, isocyanate asthma continues to occur, commonly in work environments where measured airborne levels are below regulatory standards, and also where there is opportunity for skin exposure. This proposed project is a field intervention study aimed at assessing and reducing isocyanate exposures in an MDI polyurethane fabric coating plant employing approximately 100 workers. A recent health survey at this plant showed a high prevalence of sensitization to MDI, with MDI IgG detected in over 1/3 of all workers, despite largely non-detectable MDI air levels. The Specific Aims will be to: Aim 1) Characterize baseline individual worker MDI respiratory and skin exposures using an exposure algorithm based on quantitative air and skin sampling data and biomarkers of exposure Aim 2) Characterize the health status of workers and markers of early disease Aim 3) Design and implement an integrated intervention program to reduce isocyanate skin exposures Aim 4) Evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention program The study will involve an initial quantitative assessment of the worker's respiratory and skin exposures, health status, and selected biomarkers. This will be followed by development and implementation of an integrated intervention program to reduce MDI skin exposures. The effectiveness of the intervention program will be evaluated by comparing work practices, MDI exposures, and relevant biomarkers before and after the intervention. The findings should substantially extend our knowledge concerning isocyanate skin exposure and identify effective strategies to reduce such exposures. The findings should be relevant to the growing number of end-use MDI polyurethane work settings. Public Health Relevance: Isocyanates, widely used chemicals essential to the production of numerous polyurethane foams and other products, remain a leading cause of occupational asthma. Research and controls to-date have focused largely on airborne exposures. Despite reduced air levels exposed workers continue to develop isocyanate asthma. Recent studies suggest that isocyanate skin exposures, which are difficult to monitor and control, may play an important role in the development of isocyanate asthma. This project will be a field intervention study aimed at assessing the extent and health impact of skin exposures to isocyanates in a polyurethane coating factory and also identifying effective strategies to reduce such exposures. The findings should be relevant to the millions of workers who produce and use polyurethane products.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是RO1提案的第二次修订，旨在调查MDI织物涂层工厂中异氰酸酯皮肤和空气暴露情况，并实施现场干预计划以减少异氰酸酯皮肤暴露。反应性异氰酸酯被广泛用作生产聚氨酯必不可少的交联剂，50多年来一直是职业性哮喘的主要原因。直到最近，人们一直认为呼吸道是异氰酸酯暴露的主要途径，迄今为止，临床实践、研究和预防几乎完全集中在空气暴露上。越来越多的证据表明，皮肤接触异氰酸盐会导致异氰酸盐哮喘的发生。尽管呼吸道异氰酸酯暴露减少，异氰酸酯哮喘仍在发生，通常发生在空气中测量的水平低于监管标准的工作环境中，也存在皮肤暴露的机会。这个拟议的项目是一项实地干预研究，旨在评估和减少一家雇用约100名工人的MDI聚氨酯织物涂布厂的异氰酸酯暴露。该工厂最近的一项健康调查显示，MDI致敏率很高，尽管空气中的MDI水平基本上检测不到，但在所有工人中检测到超过1/3的MDI IgG。具体目标将是：目标1)使用基于定量空气和皮肤采样数据和暴露生物标志物的暴露算法表征工人个体MDI呼吸和皮肤基线暴露特征目标2)表征工人健康状况和早期疾病标志物特征目标3)设计并实施综合干预计划以减少异氰酸盐皮肤暴露目标4)评估干预计划的有效性研究将包括对工人的初始定量评估呼吸和皮肤暴露、健康状况和选定的生物标志物。随后将制定和实施一项综合干预计划，以减少MDI皮肤暴露。干预计划的有效性将通过比较干预前后的工作实践、MDI暴露和相关生物标志物来评估。这些发现应该大大扩展我们对异氰酸酯皮肤暴露的认识，并确定有效的策略来减少这种暴露。研究结果应该与越来越多的最终用途MDI聚氨酯工作环境有关。