International Feasibility Study of Pharmacy-based HIV Prevention: San Francisco

基于药物的艾滋病毒预防国际可行性研究：旧金山

• 批准号: 7618997
• 负责人: ALEXANDER H KRAL
• 金额: $ 18.35万
• 依托单位: RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-15 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7618997
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Attitude; Caring; Communities; Country; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Collection; Development; Feasibility Studies; Future; Goals; HIV; India; Injecting drug user; International; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Interview; Investigation; Law Enforcement; Lead; Link; Location; Methods; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Needles; Outcome; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Services; Pharmacists; Pharmacy facility; Policies; Policy Maker; Preparation; Preventive Intervention; Provider; Public Health; Randomized; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; Russia; Sales; San Francisco; Services; Site; Sterility; Syringes; Testing; Training; United States; United States Public Health Service; Vietnam; Work; base; control trial; effective intervention; improved; informant; prevention service; public health relevance; response; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of using pharmacies as public health venues to provide HIV-related services to injection drug users (IDUs) in the United States and international settings, in preparation for a large-scale, multisite, randomized community controlled intervention trial (RCCI-Trial). Pharmacies are the most common health-related facilities throughout the world. IDUs often obtain sterile needles and syringes from pharmacies, and there have been a number of studies showing that use of pharmacies is associated with reduced HIV transmission among IDUs. In a limited number of studies, pharmacies have been mobilized to provide various types of HIV- and health-related services to IDUs. The results of these studies suggest that training pharmacists to provide HIV-related services to IDUs could be a highly effective intervention that could be implemented in a wide variety of cultural settings. An RCCI-Trial is needed to test this intervention. An RCCI-Trial requires careful preparatory study and estimation of feasibility in a number of different locations. The purpose of these linked R21 proposals is to conduct the needed feasibility and preparatory work in five settings across four countries: India, Vietnam, Russia, and the United States (including this application from San Francisco). With the overarching goal of testing feasibility in advance of a coordinated RCCI-Trial in five international settings, the aims for each proposal are as follows: Aim 1. Assess current pharmacy services and how these services can be expanded to include HIV-related services for IDUs' syringes in pharmacies. Aim 2. Assess barriers to participation in HIV prevention interventions targeted to IDU syringe customers, including pharmacists' attitudes, IDUs' concerns, and possible interference from law enforcement and policy makers. Aim 3. Identify potential local sites (i.e., subareas) for a randomized community controlled trial. To accomplish these aims, we have submitted five linked R21 proposals from investigators representing four countries. Each investigator will simultaneously conduct a thorough qualitative and quantitative feasibility investigation adapted from methods used in the National Institute on Drug Abuse's (NIDA's) Rapid Policy Assessment and Response (RPAR) projects. In each site, data collection will include secondary data review; key informant interviews with pharmacists, IDUs, and other stakeholders; and cross-sectional surveys of both IDUs and pharmacists. The overarching goal of this coordinated data collection will be to assess the feasibility of a future multinational RCCI-Trial of a pharmacy-based HIV prevention intervention for IDUs. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research seeks to provide evidence supporting an expanded role for pharmacists as public health practitioners in the realm of HIV prevention for injection drug users globally, going beyond mere sales to customer engagement aimed at improved well-being. The public's health will benefit from this study in that the outcome will facilitate the development of partnerships between pharmacists, clinicians, and other public health service providers that provide HIV prevention services to injection drug users in resource-poor settings. Findings could lead to increased access to HIV care and treatment, as well as reduced HIV risk and secondary transmission.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是评估使用药房作为公共卫生场所向美国和国际环境中的注射吸毒者（IDUs）提供艾滋病毒相关服务的可行性，为大规模、多地点、随机社区对照干预试验（RCCI-Trial）做准备。药房是全世界最常见的保健设施。注射吸毒者往往从药房获得消毒针头和注射器，一些研究表明，使用药房与减少注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒传播有关。在数量有限的研究中，动员药店向注射吸毒者提供各种与艾滋病毒和保健有关的服务。这些研究的结果表明，培训药剂师向注射吸毒者提供与艾滋病毒有关的服务可能是一种非常有效的干预措施，可以在各种文化环境中实施。需要进行RCCI试验来测试这种干预。RCCI-Trial需要仔细的准备研究并评估多个不同地点的可行性。这些相关的R21提案的目的是在四个国家的五个环境中进行必要的可行性和准备工作：印度，越南，俄罗斯和美国（包括来自旧金山弗朗西斯科的申请）。总体目标是在五个国际环境中进行协调的RCCI试验之前测试可行性，每个提案的目标如下：目标1。评估目前的药房服务以及如何扩大这些服务，以包括药房注射吸毒者注射器的艾滋病毒相关服务。目标2.评估参与针对注射吸毒者注射器顾客的艾滋病毒预防干预措施的障碍，包括药剂师的态度、注射吸毒者的关切以及执法和决策者可能的干预。目标3。确定潜在的本地站点（即，亚区）进行随机社区对照试验。为了实现这些目标，我们提交了来自四个国家的调查人员的五项相互关联的R21建议。每名调查员将同时进行一项彻底的定性和定量可行性调查，调查采用了国家药物滥用研究所（NIDA）快速政策评估和反应（RPAR）项目中使用的方法。在每个研究中心，数据收集将包括二级数据审查;与药剂师、注射吸毒者和其他利益相关者进行关键线人访谈;以及对注射吸毒者和药剂师进行横断面调查。这一协调数据收集的总体目标是评估未来对注射吸毒者进行基于药物的艾滋病毒预防干预多国RCCI试验的可行性。公共卫生相关性：这项研究旨在提供证据，支持药剂师作为公共卫生从业人员在全球注射吸毒者艾滋病毒预防领域发挥更大的作用，不仅仅是为了改善福祉而销售给客户。公众的健康将受益于这项研究的结果将促进药剂师，临床医生和其他公共卫生服务提供者之间的伙伴关系的发展，提供艾滋病毒预防服务，注射吸毒者在资源匮乏的环境。研究结果可能导致更多的艾滋病毒护理和治疗，以及减少艾滋病毒风险和二次传播。