Improving Biomaterials from a Cellular Point of View

描述(由申请人提供)：在这项提案中，我们将研究一种潜在的骨愈合的新方法。众所周知，植入材料多年来一直被用于支持组织修复或再生。现在认为，这种植入物还可以通过活组织和细胞诱导自然的骨愈合反应。具体地说，生物活性玻璃通过释放生物活性玻璃离子来诱导成骨细胞对骨愈合的反应。这项拟议工作的目的是探索这一新的想法，即生物活性玻璃离子在骨愈合和骨再生中发挥积极作用。 为了研究这些离子对骨愈合的影响，我们将从细胞内和细胞外的角度来研究这些玻璃是如何与细胞相互作用的。首先，人们认为，玻璃浸泡在生理液体中时释放出的生物活性玻璃离子可以引起成骨细胞的各种反应。其次，这些生物活性玻璃离子(即硅和钙)可能联合控制成骨细胞的功能，从而加速或增强骨再生。最后，我们研究了如何使用程序化生物活性玻璃来控制生物活性玻璃离子的释放。用于确定生物活性玻璃离子对基因表达和细胞外活性影响的技术包括基因芯片、实时聚合物链式反应、免疫分析和免疫组织化学。 为了编程生物活性玻璃，化学气相沉积被用来制造纳米层和微层复合玻璃，这些复合玻璃向细胞输送目标离子浓度，以增强成骨细胞的功能。这项拟议工作的目的和目标符合美国国立卫生研究院的使命，即通过提高我们对细胞-生物材料相互作用的理解来改进生物材料，并探索制造“智能”生物材料的新方法。这里提出的工作是研究生物医学设备与细胞之间的相互作用，以促进骨愈合。具体地说，我们希望通过生物材料在生理液体中的受控降解来控制和改善骨愈合。这项拟议的工作旨在开发用于基因相关治疗的自我调节材料。因此，提高我们对组织-生物医学设备相互作用的理解可以带来改善组织愈合和减轻患者因衰弱条件和疾病而遭受的痛苦的设备。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In this proposal, we will investigate a potential new way of bone healing. It is widely known that implant materials have been used for many years to support tissue repair or regeneration. It is now thought that such implants may also induce natural bone healing responses by living tissues and cells. Specifically, bioactive glasses have shown this ability to induce osteoblast response for bone healing by releasing bioactive glass ions. The purpose of this proposed work is to explore this novel idea that bioactive glass ions play an active role in bone healing and bone regeneration. To investigate the influence of these ions on bone healing, we will examine how these glasses interact with cells from an intracellular and extracellular perspective. First, it is believed that bioactive glass ions, which are release by glasses during immersion in physiological fluid, may induce various responses by osteoblasts. Second, these bioactive glass ions (namely silicon and calcium) may combinatorially control osteoblast function such that bone regeneration is hastened or enhanced. Finally, we investigate how bioactive glasses ion release can be controlled using a programmed bioactive glass. The techniques used to determine the influence of bioactive glass ions on gene expression and extracellular activity includes gene microarrays, real time polymer chain reaction, immunoassays, and immunohistochemistry. To program bioactive glasses, chemical vapor deposition is used to build nanolayered and microlayered composite glasses that deliver target ion concentrations to cells for enhanced osteoblast function. The aims and goals of this proposed work fit into the mission of NIH, that is, improving biomaterials by improving our understanding of cell-biomaterial interactions and exploring new methods in fabricating "smart" biomaterials. The work proposed here investigates biomedical device-cell interactions for bone healing. Specifically, we wish to control and improve bone healing through controlled biomaterial degradation in physiological fluid. The proposed work is aimed at developing materials that are self-regulating for gene-related therapies. Therefore, improving our understanding of tissue-biomedical device interactions can lead to devices that improve tissue healing and ease patient suffering owed to debilitating conditions and diseased.