Brief Alcohol and HIV Prevention for Homeless Adolescents Who Exited Foster Care

描述（由申请人提供）：这项R21申请提出了一加一（OPO）的开发和试点可行性试验，这是一项创新的，理论驱动的，两次会议的，个人层面的干预措施，旨在减少酒精使用，艾滋病毒性风险行为，以及在经历住房不稳定或从寄养过渡到独立生活后无家可归的大龄青少年性活动期间使用酒精。OPO将整合简短的动机和认知行为策略，以解决青少年酗酒和艾滋病毒的风险行为，并结合针对个人风险因素，环境背景和准备改变的阶段的风险降低的详细反馈。干预需要最少的资源，很容易转移到其他环境，应该不太可能遇到与较长的，多会话的干预相关的减员问题。此外，即使这种简短的干预措施的效果不如长期的、更密集的方法，但由于传播方便而扩大的覆盖面最终可能会产生更大的总体公共卫生影响。 公共卫生相关性拟议的研究旨在开发和试点创新的，理论驱动的，两个会话，个人层面的干预，旨在减少酒精使用，艾滋病毒性风险行为，以及使用酒精在性活动中的大龄青少年谁成为无家可归后，从寄养过渡到独立生活。这是为数不多的几项研究之一，整合了简短的动机和认知行为策略，以解决老年人酗酒和艾滋病毒的风险行为，并结合了针对个人风险因素，环境背景和准备改变阶段的详细反馈，以降低风险。这种干预措施所需资源最少，易于转移到其他环境，不太可能遇到与较长的多阶段干预措施相关的自然减员问题，因此，与更密集的方法相比，最终可能产生更大的总体公共卫生影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R21 application proposes the development and pilot feasibility trial of One Plus One (OPO), an innovative, theory-driven, two-session, individual-level intervention designed to reduce alcohol use, HIV sexual risk behaviors, and the use of alcohol during sexual activities among older adolescents who experienced housing instability or became homeless after transitioning from foster care to independent living. OPO will integrate brief motivational and cognitive-behavioral strategies to address adolescent alcohol and HIV risk behaviors and incorporate detailed feedback for risk reduction that are tailored to individual risk factors, environmental context, and stage of readiness to change. The intervention requires minimal resources, is readily transferable to other settings, and should be less likely to encounter attrition problems associated with longer, multi-session interventions. Moreover, even if this brief intervention is somewhat less effective than lengthy, more intensive approaches, the increased coverage from ease of dissemination may eventually result in a larger overall public health effect. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The proposed research aims to develop and pilot an innovative, theory-driven, two-session, individual-level intervention designed to reduce alcohol use, HIV sexual risk behaviors, and the use of alcohol during sexual activities among older adolescents who became homeless after transitioning from foster care to independent living. This is one of few studies to integrate brief motivational and cognitive-behavioral strategies to address older adolescent alcohol and HIV risk behaviors and incorporate detailed feedback for risk reduction that are tailored to individual risk factors, environmental context, and stage of readiness to change. The intervention requires minimal resources, is readily transferable to other settings, should be less likely to encounter attrition problems associated with longer, multi-session interventions, and may, therefore, eventually result in a larger overall public health effect than more intensive approaches.