Brief Alcohol and HIV Prevention for Homeless Adolescents Who Exited Foster Care

描述(由申请人提供)：这份R21申请提出了一加一(OPO)的开发和试点可行性试验，这是一种创新的、理论驱动的、两次会议、个人层面的干预措施，旨在减少经历住房不稳定或从寄养过渡到独立生活后无家可归的老年青少年的酒精使用、HIV性危险行为和性行为期间的酒精使用。OPO将整合简短的激励和认知-行为策略，以解决青少年酗酒和艾滋病毒风险行为，并纳入针对个人风险因素、环境背景和准备改变的阶段而量身定做的减少风险的详细反馈。干预只需要最少的资源，可以很容易地转移到其他环境中，而且应该不太可能遇到与较长时间的多期干预相关的磨损问题。此外，即使这种短暂的干预措施比冗长、更密集的方法效果稍差，但由于易于传播而增加的覆盖面，最终可能会产生更大的整体公共卫生影响。 公共卫生相关性拟议的研究旨在开发和试点一种创新的、理论驱动的、两次会议的、个人层面的干预措施，旨在减少酒精使用、艾滋病毒性行为风险以及在从寄养家庭过渡到独立生活后无家可归的老年青少年的性行为中使用酒精。这是为数不多的几项研究之一，该研究整合了简短的激励和认知行为策略，以解决年龄较大的青少年饮酒和艾滋病毒风险行为，并整合了针对个人风险因素、环境背景和准备改变的阶段而量身定做的降低风险的详细反馈。这种干预只需要最少的资源，可以很容易地转移到其他环境中，不太可能遇到与较长的多时段干预相关的磨损问题，因此，最终可能会产生比更密集的方法更大的总体公共卫生影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R21 application proposes the development and pilot feasibility trial of One Plus One (OPO), an innovative, theory-driven, two-session, individual-level intervention designed to reduce alcohol use, HIV sexual risk behaviors, and the use of alcohol during sexual activities among older adolescents who experienced housing instability or became homeless after transitioning from foster care to independent living. OPO will integrate brief motivational and cognitive-behavioral strategies to address adolescent alcohol and HIV risk behaviors and incorporate detailed feedback for risk reduction that are tailored to individual risk factors, environmental context, and stage of readiness to change. The intervention requires minimal resources, is readily transferable to other settings, and should be less likely to encounter attrition problems associated with longer, multi-session interventions. Moreover, even if this brief intervention is somewhat less effective than lengthy, more intensive approaches, the increased coverage from ease of dissemination may eventually result in a larger overall public health effect. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The proposed research aims to develop and pilot an innovative, theory-driven, two-session, individual-level intervention designed to reduce alcohol use, HIV sexual risk behaviors, and the use of alcohol during sexual activities among older adolescents who became homeless after transitioning from foster care to independent living. This is one of few studies to integrate brief motivational and cognitive-behavioral strategies to address older adolescent alcohol and HIV risk behaviors and incorporate detailed feedback for risk reduction that are tailored to individual risk factors, environmental context, and stage of readiness to change. The intervention requires minimal resources, is readily transferable to other settings, should be less likely to encounter attrition problems associated with longer, multi-session interventions, and may, therefore, eventually result in a larger overall public health effect than more intensive approaches.