COBRE: UAF: PROJ 3: DIET NUTRITN, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE OF ALASKA NATIVE, OBESITY

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 饮食和体力活动是肥胖研究中的重要变量。饮食和营养知识项目的目标是对CANHR研究人群的饮食和身体活动习惯进行调查。方法包括24小时饮食回忆(24HR)，3天饮食记录(3DFR)，简短的饮食和体力活动问卷，以及计步法。24HR是与所有参与者一起进行的，但为了认识到参与者的负担，选择性地提供了3DFR和计步器。 结果：从659名14岁以上的参与者中收集了24小时的数据，其中包括288名男性和371名女性(另有22名受试者的数据已收集完毕，但尚未完成)。该数据库支持大多数报告的食品，尽管由于传统食品的测量单位不同寻常，估计数量具有挑战性。例如，许多鱼是整条吃的，所以报告的是长度而不是杯子或盎司。开发了一套编码规则，将传统食品的报告转换为克。平均而言，传统食物贡献了每日能量摄入量的22%；然而，这一估计因年龄段而有很大差异。年轻人从传统食物中获得的饮食比例(13%)低于老年人(42%)。西化促使阿拉斯加原住民在食物来源和摄取大量营养物质方面发生了重大变化，无论是积极的还是消极的。参与者从传统食物中摄取了更大比例的饮食，并摄入了更多有益的脂肪酸、维生素A、维生素E、维生素D和铁。然而，维生素C、钙和纤维的摄入量随着传统食物摄入量的增加而减少。基于FDA的人均水果和蔬菜分别为0.6和1.1份/天，而汽水平均为1.5份/天。排在前五位的食物依次是咖啡、含糖饮料混合物、意大利面和白米、糖和蜜饯以及汽水汽水。223名参与者的计步器记录显示，体力活动水平较低，尤其是女性。 目前的工作包括出版、制定最新的饮食和体力活动方案，以便在研究人群中应用，以及制定建议。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Diet and physical activity are important variables in obesity research. The objective of the Diet and Nutrition Knowledge project is to conduct a survey of dietary and physical activity habits in the CANHR study population. Methodology included 24-hour diet recalls (24HR), 3-day diet records (3DFR), a brief diet and physical activity questionnaire, and pedometry. The 24HR was conducted with all participants but, in recognition of participant burden, the 3DFR and pedometers were offered electively. Results: 24HR have been collected from 659 participants from ages 14 upwards, including 288 men and 371 women (data on an additional 22 subjects has been collected but not completed yet). The database supported most of the reported foods, although estimation of quantities was challenging because of the unusual units of measure for traditional foods. For example, many fish were eaten whole, so length rather than cups or ounces was reported. A set of coding rules was developed to convert reporting of traditional foods into grams. On average, traditional foods contributed 22% of daily energy intake; this estimate, however, varied significantly by age group. Youth derived a smaller proportion of their diet from traditional foods (13%) than elders (42%). Westernization has precipitated major changes in food sources and intake of numerous nutrients among Alaska Natives, both positive and negative. Participants consuming a greater proportion of their diet from traditional foods and consumed more beneficial fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, and iron. Intake of vitamin C, calcium, and fiber, however, decreased with increasing intake of traditional foods. Per capita FDA-based fruit and vegetables servings averaged 0.6/day and 1.1/day, respectively, whereas soda pop servings averaged 1.5/day. The top five reported foods consumed, in decreasing order, were coffee, sugared beverage mixes, pasta and white rice, sugar and preserves, and soda pop. Pedometer records from 223 participants indicate a low level of physical activity, especially among women. Current work includes publishing, developing updated diet and physical activity protocols for application in the study population, and proposal development.