COBRE: UAF: PROJ 3: DIET NUTRITN, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE OF ALASKA NATIVE, OBESITY

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。饮食和体力活动是肥胖研究中的重要变量。饮食和营养知识项目（Luick，项目PI）的目标是对CANHR研究人群的饮食和体育活动习惯进行调查。 设计：方法包括24小时饮食回忆（24 HR），3天饮食记录（3DFR），简短的饮食和体力活动问卷，和计步器。对所有参与者进行了24 HR，但考虑到参与者的负担，选择性提供了3DFR和计步器。 结果：共收集到14岁以上的556名受试者的24项HR，其中男性241名，女性315名。该数据库支持大多数报告的食品，但由于传统食品的计量单位不寻常，估计数量具有挑战性。例如，许多鱼被整条吃掉，所以长度而不是杯或盎司。制定了一套编码规则，将传统食品的报告转换为克。平均而言，传统食物占每日能量摄入量的22%;然而，这一估计因年龄组而异。与老年人（42%）相比，青年人（13%）的饮食中传统食品所占比例较小。西化促使阿拉斯加原住民的食物来源和大量营养素的摄入发生了重大变化，这既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面。从传统食物中消耗更大比例饮食的参与者消耗了更多有益的脂肪酸，维生素A，维生素E，维生素D和铁。然而，维生素C、钙和纤维的摄入量随着传统食物摄入量的增加而减少。基于FDA的人均水果和蔬菜的平均摄入量分别为0.6份/天和1.1份/天，而苏打汽水的平均摄入量为1.5份/天。据报道，消费量最大的5种食物依次为咖啡、含糖混合饮料、意大利面和白色米饭、糖和蜜饯以及汽水。223名参与者的计步器记录表明，他们的体力活动水平较低，尤其是女性。 今后的目标：目前的工作包括出版，开发更新的饮食和身体活动协议，以应用于研究人群，并提出建议。 预计本次级项目的性别/少数民族构成不会发生变化。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Diet and physical activity are important variables in obesity research. The objective of the Diet and Nutrition Knowledge project (Luick, project PI) is to conduct a survey of dietary and physical activity habits in the CANHR study population. Design: Methodology included 24-hour diet recalls (24HR), 3-day diet records (3DFR), a brief diet and physical activity questionnaire, and pedometry. The 24HR was conducted with all participants but, in recognition of participant burden, the 3DFR and pedometers were offered electively. Results: 24HR have been collected from 556 participants from ages 14 upwards, including 241 men and 315 women. The database supported most of the reported foods, although estimation of quantities was challenging because of the unusual units of measure for traditional foods. For example, many fish were eaten whole, so length rather than cups or ounces was reported. A set of coding rules was developed to convert reporting of traditional foods into grams. On average, traditional foods contributed 22% of daily energy intake; this estimate, however, varied significantly by age group. Youth derived a smaller proportion of their diet from traditional foods (13%) than elders (42%). Westernization has precipitated major changes in food sources and intake of numerous nutrients among Alaska Natives, both positive and negative. Participants consuming a greater proportion of their diet from traditional foods consumed more beneficial fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, and iron. Intake of vitamin C, calcium, and fiber, however, decreased with increasing intake of traditional foods. Per capita FDA-based fruit and vegetables servings averaged 0.6/day and 1.1/day, respectively, whereas soda pop servings averaged 1.5/day. The top 5 reported foods consumed in decreasing order were coffee, sugared beverage mixes, pasta and white rice, sugar and preserves, and soda pop. Pedometer records from 223 participants indicate a low level of physical activity, especially among women. Future objectives: Current work includes publishing, developing updated diet and physical activity protocols for application in the study population, and proposal development. No changes are expected in the gender/minority composition of this subproject.