THE STRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIA IN ROD AND CONE PHOTORECEPTORS

杆状和锥状光感受器中线粒体的结构

• 批准号: 7601039
• 负责人: DONALD A FOX
• 金额: $ 3.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7601039
• 关键词: Bioenergetics; Ca(2+)-Transporting ATPase; Cell membrane; Chromosome Pairing; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Coupling; Darkness; Electron Microscopy; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Exocytosis; Funding; Goals; Grant; Homeostasis; Institution; Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy; Metabolic; Mitochondria; Neurons; Photons; Photoreceptors; Presynaptic Terminals; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Retina; Retinal Cone; Source; Spatial Distribution; Structure; Synapses; United States National Institutes of Health; Vertebrate Photoreceptors; electron tomography; neurotransmitter release; presynaptic; response; retinal rods; ribbon synapse

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The overall goal of these studies is to develop a comprehensive structural and functional understanding of rod spherule and cone pedicle ribbon synaptic terminals. Vertebrate photoreceptors are nonspiking neurons that maintain sustained depolarization and neurotransmitter release from ribbon synapses in darkness and produce light-dependent graded hyperpolarizing responses. Rods transmit single photon responses with high fidelity, whereas cone exocytosis is faster. These come from differences in metabolic coupling and cross-talk between presynaptic photoreceptor mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) and Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX). We are determining the mechanisms of metabolic coupling in photoreceptor synapses. The specific aims of the laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), electron microscopy (EM) and three-dimensional electron tomography (ET) studies are threefold. The first is to determine the cellular distribution and spatial interrelation of mitochondria, ER, PMCA and NCX in the retina and especially in the photoreceptor synaptic terminals. The second is to determine if the cellular and subcellular ATP and Ca2+ regulatory mechanisms differed between rod spherule and cone pedicle synaptic terminals. The third goal is to determine the functional significance of our results in relation to rod and cone synaptic terminal bioenergetics, Ca2+ homeostasis and neurotransmitter release.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 这些研究的总体目标是对杆状小球和锥蒂带状突触末端进行全面的结构和功能理解。脊椎动物的光感受器是非尖峰神经元，可在黑暗中维持带状突触的持续去极化和神经递质释放，并产生光依赖性分级超极化反应。视杆细胞以高保真度传输单光子响应，而视锥细胞胞吐作用更快。这些来自突触前感光线粒体、内质网 (ER)、质膜 Ca2+-ATP 酶 (PMCA) 和 Na+-Ca2+ 交换器 (NCX) 之间代谢耦合和串扰的差异。我们正在确定光感受器突触中代谢耦合的机制。 激光扫描共焦显微镜（LSCM）、电子显微镜（EM）和三维电子断层扫描（ET）研究的具体目标有三个。第一个是确定线粒体、ER、PMCA 和 NCX 在视网膜（尤其是光感受器突触末梢）中的细胞分布和空间相互关系。第二个是确定杆状小球和锥蒂突触末端之间的细胞和亚细胞 ATP 和 Ca2+ 调节机制是否不同。第三个目标是确定我们的结果与杆和锥突触末端生物能学、Ca2+稳态和神经递质释放相关的功能意义。