Funnel and Gate Innovations-Stabilization and Treatment of Contaminated Sediments

描述（由申请人提供）： 许多最具挑战性的受污染沉积物场地等待有效的补救，表现出分离相污染（非水相液体或NAPL），或移动的芳香族或氯化溶剂。传统的沉积物补救方法，包括疏浚和覆盖，并不是为了管理流体相污染物而设计的，也不是有效的。使用低渗透性盖提供了控制污染物迁移的机会，同时在不损失试剂或污染物的情况下在底层沉积物中引入处理。此外，通过保持液压控制，污染物或经处理的残余物可以被汇集到相对小的区域或“门”，以进一步处理任何残余污染物。拟议的研究旨在开发这种新的补救方法，这是一个适应证明漏斗和闸门技术的地下水控制。有待评价和开发的具体处理技术包括：使用有机粘土吸附和稳定非水溶性液体，使用零价铁对氯化溶剂进行还原脱氯，以及加强生物处理以控制芳香族溶剂和氯化溶剂。该项目将测试广泛的假设，即漏斗帽可以有效地包含污染物以及帽下引入的试剂，并有效地引导组织间液处理介质的浆料，特别是用于NAPL稳定的有机改性粘土、用于促进还原脱氯的零价铁或促进生物降解的试剂，可以在低渗透性盖下面引入，并且稳定或促进非水和水污染物的还原处理。处理门由反应性材料组成或促进生物降解，单独或组合，可以有效地管理来自内部的残留污染物，原地处理区拟议研究的主要目标是控制沉积物-水界面对人类健康和环境的影响和风险。由此减少底栖生物和水生生物的接触和风险，将消除人类食物链对沉积物中污染物的接触。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many of the most challenging contaminated sediment sites awaiting effective remediation exhibit separate phase contamination (nonaqueous phase liquids or NAPLs), or mobile aromatic or chlorinated solvents. Conventional sediment remedial approaches, including dredging and capping, are not designed nor effective for the management of fluid phase contaminants. The use of a low permeability cap provides opportunities to control contaminant migration and simultaneously introduce treatment in the underlying sediment without loss of reagent or contaminant. Further, by maintaining hydraulic control, the contaminants or the treated residual can be funneled to a relatively small area, or "gate", for further treatment of any residual contamination. The proposed research is designed to develop this novel remedial approach that is an adaptation of proven funnel and gate technologies for groundwater control. Specific treatment technologies to be evaluated and developed include the use of organoclays for the sorption and stabilization of NAPLs, zero-valent iron for the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents and enhanced biological treatment for the control of both aromatic and chlorinated solvents. The project will test the broad hypotheses that A funneling cap can effectively contain contaminants as well as introduced reagents beneath the cap and effectively channel interstitial fluids (water or NAPL) to a collection or treatment gate Slurries of treatment media, specifically organo-modified clays for NAPL stabilization, zero valent iron for encouragement of reductive dechlorination, or reagents encouraging biological degradation, can be introduced beneath a low permeability cap and stabilize or encourage reductive treatment of non aqueous and aqueous contaminants Treatment gates composed of reactive materials or encouraging biological degradation, either alone or in combination, can effectively manage residual contamination from the in-situ treatment zone The primary goal of the proposed research is control of exposure and risk to human health and the environment at the sediment-water interface. The resulting reduction in exposure and risk to benthic and aquatic organisms will eliminate human food chain exposure to contaminants in sediments.