Funnel and Gate Innovations-Stabilization and Treatment of Contaminated Sediments

描述(由申请人提供)： 许多最具挑战性的待有效修复的污染沉淀物场地显示出单独的相污染(非水相液体或NAPL)，或流动的芳香族或氯化溶剂。传统的沉积物补救方法，包括疏浚和封顶，既不是为管理流体相污染物而设计的，也不是有效的。使用低渗透性盖子提供了控制污染物迁移的机会，同时在不损失试剂或污染物的情况下在底层沉积物中引入处理。此外，通过保持液压控制，污染物或处理后的残留物可以被输送到相对较小的区域或“闸门”，以进一步处理任何残留物。拟议的研究旨在开发这种新的补救方法，即采用经过验证的漏斗和闸门技术来控制地下水。待评估和开发的具体处理技术包括使用有机粘土吸附和稳定NAPLS，使用零价铁对氯化溶剂进行还原脱氯，以及加强生物处理以控制芳香溶剂和氯化溶剂。该项目将测试广泛的假设，即漏斗盖可以有效地包含污染物以及在盖子下面引入的试剂，并有效地将间质流体(水或NAPL)引导到收集或处理门。处理介质的浆液，特别是用于NAPL稳定的有机改性粘土，用于鼓励还原脱氯的零价铁，或鼓励生物降解的试剂，可以被引入到低渗透性盖子下面，并稳定或鼓励对非水和水污染物的还原处理由活性材料或鼓励生物降解组成的处理门，无论是单独的还是组合的，可以有效地管理来自现场处理区的残留污染，拟议研究的主要目标是控制沉积物-水界面对人类健康和环境的暴露和风险。由此减少对底栖生物和水生生物的暴露和风险，将消除人类食物链对沉积物中污染物的暴露。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many of the most challenging contaminated sediment sites awaiting effective remediation exhibit separate phase contamination (nonaqueous phase liquids or NAPLs), or mobile aromatic or chlorinated solvents. Conventional sediment remedial approaches, including dredging and capping, are not designed nor effective for the management of fluid phase contaminants. The use of a low permeability cap provides opportunities to control contaminant migration and simultaneously introduce treatment in the underlying sediment without loss of reagent or contaminant. Further, by maintaining hydraulic control, the contaminants or the treated residual can be funneled to a relatively small area, or "gate", for further treatment of any residual contamination. The proposed research is designed to develop this novel remedial approach that is an adaptation of proven funnel and gate technologies for groundwater control. Specific treatment technologies to be evaluated and developed include the use of organoclays for the sorption and stabilization of NAPLs, zero-valent iron for the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents and enhanced biological treatment for the control of both aromatic and chlorinated solvents. The project will test the broad hypotheses that A funneling cap can effectively contain contaminants as well as introduced reagents beneath the cap and effectively channel interstitial fluids (water or NAPL) to a collection or treatment gate Slurries of treatment media, specifically organo-modified clays for NAPL stabilization, zero valent iron for encouragement of reductive dechlorination, or reagents encouraging biological degradation, can be introduced beneath a low permeability cap and stabilize or encourage reductive treatment of non aqueous and aqueous contaminants Treatment gates composed of reactive materials or encouraging biological degradation, either alone or in combination, can effectively manage residual contamination from the in-situ treatment zone The primary goal of the proposed research is control of exposure and risk to human health and the environment at the sediment-water interface. The resulting reduction in exposure and risk to benthic and aquatic organisms will eliminate human food chain exposure to contaminants in sediments.