Molecular tools to monitor eradication of Schistosoma haematobium transmission

监测埃及血吸虫传播根除的分子工具

• 批准号: 7631159
• 负责人: CHARLES Harding KING
• 金额: $ 14.71万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-15 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7631159
• 关键词: Address; Africa; Anemia; Area; Biological Assay; Cells; Clinical Data; Communities; DNA; Databases; Detection; Development; Disease; Ecosystem; Effectiveness; Environment; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Goals; Habitats; Health; Human; Infection; International; Kenya; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Malnutrition; Mediating; Methods; Middle East; Molds; Molecular; Molecular Medicine; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Nucleic Acids; Parasite Control; Parasites; Performance; Performance Status 4; Persons; Prevention program; Program Sustainability; Public Health; Quality Control; Research; Research Project Grants; Residual state; Sampling; Schistosoma; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosomiasis; Snails; System; Techniques; Testing; Translational Research; Trematode Infections; Uncertainty; United States National Institutes of Health; Water; Work; base; design; high risk; implementation research; improved; new technology; next generation; novel; population based; programs; sensor; tool; transmission process; treatment program

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Current large-scale schistosomiasis treatment programs are a first step to reducing the global burden of Schistosoma-related disease, yet such programs may not significantly alter parasite transmission in high-risk areas. Consequently, the sustainability of these programs' initial benefits remains in doubt, as recurring low-level reinfection can be associated with persistent morbidity such as anemia, undernutrition, and diminished performance. Novel molecular tools for rapid, sensitive transmission monitoring are needed to obtain more informative surveillance of schistosome propagation over extended areas. In accord with the R21 program's developmental focus, this project will create and validate new technologies that can significantly advance knowledge of the environmental features of schistosome transmission, and will materially contribute to health-related implementation research for improved schistosomiasis control. The overall aim of the proposed study is to test the capacity of new S. haematobium DNA-detection molecular tools to efficiently monitor schistosomiasis transmission in multi-community campaigns. The parasite is widely prevalent in Africa and the Middle East, with 120 million persons currently infected. Effective 'xenomonitoring' snail sampling strategies can provide highly sensitive systems for monitoring transmission potential following implementation of parasite control campaigns. The present study's Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification is a scalable approach can be adapted to provide low-tech DNA detection systems that regional and international control programs will be able use as a means to document their effectiveness and confirm attainment of schistosomiasis eradication. The Specific Aims of the study are: 1. To validate the established 525 bp Sh110/SmSl PCR technique as a species-specific means to identify snails infected with S. haematobium in ecosystems where related schistosome species are sympatric. 2. To develop a low-tech detection of prepatent snail infection by adapting the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay for amplifying the inter-repeat 525 bp Sh110/SmSL sequence of S. haematobium. 3. To validate the LAMP assay by examining laboratory infected snails and field snails collected from S. haematobium-endemic areas in Kenya. 4. To establish the LAMP as a working assay in a pilot field laboratory in Kenya and in a central reference laboratory for backup and quality control. 5. To evaluate S. haematobium-LAMP performance in an existing control setting in Kenya. Human schistosomiasis is a parasitic trematode infection that imposes a major health burden on the developing world and new strategies are needed for tracking its uneven transmission through the environment. This proposal develops new DNA detection systems to monitor parasite transmission (through local infested water bodies) among infected intermediate host snails. This tool will provide a highly useful method of directing schistosomiasis control programs, and could lead to much more effective targeted strategies for eradication of parasite transmission.

描述（由申请人提供）：目前大规模的血吸虫病治疗项目是减少全球血吸虫相关疾病负担的第一步，但这些项目可能不会显著改变高危地区的寄生虫传播。因此，这些项目最初效益的可持续性仍然值得怀疑，因为反复出现的低水平再感染可能与贫血、营养不良和表现下降等持续性疾病有关。需要新的分子工具来进行快速、灵敏的传播监测，以便在更大的区域内获得更多信息的血吸虫传播监测。根据R21计划的发展重点，该项目将创造和验证新技术，这些技术可以大大提高对血吸虫传播环境特征的认识，并将为改善血吸虫病控制的健康相关实施研究做出重大贡献。本研究的总体目标是测试新的血梭菌dna检测分子工具在多社区运动中有效监测血吸虫病传播的能力。这种寄生虫在非洲和中东广泛流行，目前有1.2亿人受到感染。有效的“异种监测”蜗牛取样策略可以提供高度敏感的系统，用于监测实施寄生虫控制运动后的传播潜力。本研究的环介导等温扩增是一种可扩展的方法，可用于提供低技术含量的DNA检测系统，区域和国际控制计划将能够将其作为记录其有效性和确认实现血吸虫病根除的手段。本研究的具体目的是：1。目的：验证所建立的525 bp Sh110/SmSl PCR技术作为一种物种特异性方法，在相关血吸虫属同域的生态系统中鉴定感染了血血吸虫的蜗牛。2. 采用环介导等温扩增（LAMP）技术扩增S. haematobium 525 bp Sh110/SmSL序列，建立一种低技术含量的专利前蜗牛感染检测方法。3. 通过检测从肯尼亚血弧菌流行地区采集的实验室感染蜗牛和野外蜗牛，验证LAMP测定方法。在肯尼亚的一个试点现场实验室和一个中央参比实验室建立LAMP作为一种有效的测定方法，用于后备和质量控制。5. 评估在肯尼亚现有对照环境中S. haematobium-LAMP的性能。人类血吸虫病是一种寄生吸虫感染，对发展中国家造成重大卫生负担，需要采取新的战略来追踪其在环境中的不均衡传播。本研究提出了一种新的DNA检测系统，用于监测寄生虫在受感染的中间宿主蜗牛之间的传播（通过当地受感染的水体）。该工具将为指导血吸虫病控制规划提供一种非常有用的方法，并可能导致更有效的有针对性的根除寄生虫传播战略。