Biophysical limitations to signal transmission in the mammalian retina

哺乳动物视网膜信号传输的生物物理限制

• 批准号: 7583977
• 负责人: William Rowland Taylor
• 金额: $ 29.07万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-15 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7583977
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Amacrine Cells; Biological Models; Brain; Calcium; Cells; Computer Simulation; Detection; Discrimination; Disease; Event; Feedback; Functional disorder; Goals; Human; Light; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Morphology; Mus; Nature; Neurons; Night Blindness; Noise; Pathway interactions; Photons; Physiological; Principal Investigator; Property; Research; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Cone; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Rhodopsin; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; System; Testing; Vision; Visual system structure; absorption; ganglion cell; improved; multi-photon; neural circuit; postsynaptic; presynaptic; relating to nervous system; research study; response; retinal rods; transmission process; visual threshold; voltage; voltage gated channel

Seeing at night has considerable evolutionary advantages both for predators and prey, and many mammals, including humans, have excellent night vision. Humans can perceive dim light flashes that produce single photon absorption in about 1 in 100 rods, which indicates that signals generated by single photons are reliably transmitted through the retina to the brain. We have a detailed understanding about how the rod photoreceptors encode single photons as electrical signals, but relatively little is known about how these tiny signals are transmitted through the retina. The general goal of this research is to gain a quantitative understanding of single photon synaptic transmission through the retina. We will use the mouse as a model system, because they have a well-developed night vision, and make an excellent model system for mammalian rod vision. Recordings of single photon signals will be made from each neuron in the chain of neurons connecting the rods to the ganglion cells. Voltage and current signals generated in response to dim light flashes will be analyzed. Specific aims include 1) determining the mechanisms of gain control at the rod synapse, 2) determining the nature of the non-linearity that controls convergent noise in the rod All amacrine cells, 3) resolving the single photon signal in ganglion cells. Advances in our understanding of normal retinal function will improve our understanding of the dysfunctions that result from retinal disease. Our resultswill have particular relevance to diseases that cause night blindness.

对于捕食者和被捕食者，以及许多哺乳动物来说，夜间视力都具有相当大的进化优势，

项目成果

Immunohistochemical identification and synaptic inputs to the diffuse bipolar cell type DB1 in macaque retina.

• DOI: 10.1002/cne.22756
• 发表时间: 2011-12-15
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Puthussery, Theresa;Gayet-Primo, Jacqueline;Taylor, W. Rowland;Haverkamp, Silke
• 通讯作者: Haverkamp, Silke