Vulnerability to Stress-Induced Depression Post-job-loss

失业后容易遭受压力诱发的抑郁症

• 批准号: 7644408
• 负责人: GEORGE W HOWE
• 金额: $ 30.1万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7644408
• 关键词: Adult; African American; Arizona; Collaborations; Communities; DNA; Data; Development; Disease susceptibility; Economics; Employment; Environment; Equilibrium; Exposure to; Face; Family; Gender; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Programming; Genotype; Goals; Home environment; Individual; Interview; Licensing; Life Stress; Maintenance; Maryland; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Neurobiology; Neurotic Disorders; Occupations; Participant; Population; Prevention Research; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Process; Program Development; Psychiatry; Psychopathology; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Saliva; Sampling; Series; Shapes; Social Environment; Social support; Stress; Symptoms; Testing; Time; To specify; Unemployment; Universities; Washington; Work; base; coping; depression; depressive symptoms; design; high risk; multilevel analysis; response; serotonin transporter; stressor; theories; unemployment insurance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Investigators from the Family Stress Program and the Development and Genetics Program at the George Washington University and the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Arizona propose a collaborative project to study the interaction of stress and personal vulnerability as they contribute to risk for depression after job loss. The primary goal of this work is to develop and test an integrated theory of how personal vulnerabilities, including genetic susceptibility, shape depressive response in the face of stress. This study is designed specifically to provide information essential for guiding a new generation of preventive interventions for high-risk individuals facing job loss. The study is guided by four aims. First, statewide lists of recently unemployed individuals will be used to accrue a broad community sample of 432 people who have recently lost their jobs.This sample, balanced by gender and including a substantial proportion of African Americans, will then participate in in-home interviews to collect information on depressive symptoms and depressive episodes; a range of personal, financial, and interpersonal stressors associated with job loss; and phenotypic diatheses including prior history of depression, neuroticism, negative attribution style, and attachment style. We will also collect saliva samples from all participants for DNA extraction, in order to study the effects of genetic diatheses involving a functional polymorphism (SLC6A4) of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) gene on stress-induced depression. Another more exploratory series of genetic markers will also be genotyped to provide more preliminary tests of whether they interact with stress to increase risk for depression. Second, participants will be followed for 30 weeks after the date of job loss, to study the dynamic interplay of stress and vulnerability as they influence depression. Because risk processes may differ over the course of depressive response, we plan to conduct a total of five assessments in order to capture dynamic fluctuations in symptoms over this period that reflect onset, maintenance, and resolution of depression. Third, multilevel modelling will be used to test a general model of how exposure to economic and interpersonal stressors in the months following job loss precipitates, maintains, or exacerbates depressive response, and how these effects are influenced by personal vulnerabilities. This model hypothesizes both sensitization and recruitment effects, such that personal vulnerabilities are predicted to both increase rates of stressors (recruitment) and to moderate the effects of stressors (sensitization) on trajectories of depressive symptoms over the 30-week period. Fourth repeated followup data will be used to test hypotheses concerning the specific mechanisms responsible for these effects. We will test two more proximal models concerning how coping efficacy and social support and undermining mediate the interaction of personal vulnerabilities and stress on depression.

描述（由申请人提供）：来自乔治华盛顿大学家庭压力项目和发展与遗传学项目以及亚利桑那大学精神病学部门的研究人员提出了一个合作项目，研究压力和个人脆弱性之间的相互作用，因为它们会导致失业后抑郁的风险。这项工作的主要目标是发展和测试一个关于个人脆弱性（包括遗传易感性）如何在面对压力时形成抑郁反应的综合理论。本研究旨在为指导新一代面临失业的高危人群提供必要的信息。这项研究以四个目标为指导。首先，全州范围内最近失业的个人名单将被用来积累一个广泛的社区样本，其中包括432名最近失业的人。该样本按性别平衡，包括相当大比例的非洲裔美国人，然后将参加家庭访谈，以收集有关抑郁症状和抑郁发作的信息；一系列与失业有关的个人、经济和人际压力；表现型特质包括抑郁史，神经质史，消极归因风格和依恋风格。我们还将收集所有参与者的唾液样本进行DNA提取，以研究涉及5-羟色胺转运体（5-HTTLPR）基因功能多态性（SLC6A4）的遗传性状对应激性抑郁症的影响。另一个更具探索性的基因标记系列也将进行基因分型，以提供更多的初步测试，以确定它们是否与压力相互作用，从而增加患抑郁症的风险。其次，参与者将在失业之日起被跟踪30周，以研究压力和脆弱性在影响抑郁时的动态相互作用。由于在抑郁反应的过程中，风险过程可能不同，我们计划进行总共五次评估，以捕捉这段时间内反映抑郁发病、维持和消退的症状的动态波动。第三，多层次模型将用于测试一个通用模型，该模型描述了在失业后的几个月内暴露于经济和人际压力源是如何促成、维持或加剧抑郁反应的，以及这些影响是如何受到个人脆弱性的影响的。该模型假设了致敏效应和招募效应，因此，在30周的时间内，个人脆弱性既会增加压力源（招募）的发生率，又会缓和压力源（致敏）对抑郁症状轨迹的影响。第四，重复的后续数据将用于检验有关这些影响的具体机制的假设。我们将测试两个更接近的模型，关于应对效能和社会支持和破坏如何调解个人脆弱性和压力对抑郁症的相互作用。

项目成果

A longitudinal examination of re-employment quality on internalizing symptoms and job-search intentions.

对内化症状和求职意向的再就业质量的纵向考察。

• DOI: 10.1037/a0037753
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of occupational health psychology
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Monfort,SamuelS;Howe,GeorgeW;Nettles,ChristopherD;Weihs,KarenL
• 通讯作者: Weihs,KarenL

Combining Stress Exposure and Stress Generation: Does Neuroticism Alter the Dynamic Interplay of Stress, Depression, and Anxiety Following Job Loss?

• DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12260
• 发表时间: 2017-08-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Howe, George W.;Cimporescu, Maria;Weihs, Karen
• 通讯作者: Weihs, Karen

The Interplay of Stress and Attachment in Individuals Weathering Loss of Employment.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2014.02.002
• 发表时间: 2014-06-01
• 期刊: Journal of research in personality
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Varga CM;Nettles CD;Whitesel AL;Howe GW;Weihs KL
• 通讯作者: Weihs KL

Higher-order structure in the trajectories of depression and anxiety following sudden involuntary unemployment.

• DOI: 10.1037/a0026243
• 发表时间: 2012-05
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Howe, George W.;Hornberger, Anna P.;Weihs, Karen;Moreno, Francisco;Neiderhiser, Jenae M.
• 通讯作者: Neiderhiser, Jenae M.