Defining the Role of Mexican Pharmacies in HIV Prevention-A Mixed Method Approach

定义墨西哥药房在艾滋病毒预防中的作用——混合方法

• 批准号: 7497029
• 负责人: Robin A Pollini
• 金额: $ 14.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7497029
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Attitude; Award; Belief; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Country; Coupled; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug usage; Epidemiology; Goals; HIV Infections; Health Policy; Income; Injecting drug user; International; International Relations; Intervention; Intervention Studies; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Learning; Legal; Mentors; Methods; Mexican; Mexico; Needle Sharing; Pharmacists; Pharmacy facility; Policies; Politics; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Qualitative Research; Reporting; Research; Research Methodology; Role; Sales; Sterility; Syringes; Training; Work; base; career; design; experience; research study; skills; substance abuse epidemiology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research career development award will provide the candidate with training in qualitative and mixed research methods and their application for understanding structural level barriers to HIV prevention in drug using populations. Prior to earning her Ph.D. in epidemiology, the candidate completed training in international politics and spent several years working in health policy positions. A unique background in international relations, health policy, and infectious disease and substance abuse epidemiology, coupled with the qualitative training proposed under this award, will prepare the candidate for independent, policy-relevant research on complex structural level barriers to HIV prevention. The career and training goals proposed under this award are to employ didactic and mentored learning to: 1) Establish expertise in the design and implementation of qualitative research studies, 2) Develop a thorough understanding of structural level barriers to HIV prevention, with a focus on drug using populations in low- and middle-income countries, 3) Gain proficiency in applying mixed methods research to understanding structural level barriers to HIV prevention, 4) Obtain further training in ethical considerations regarding research and interventions in drug using populations, and 5) Build general skills for an academic career. A key facet of the training will be to undertake a study of barriers to sterile syringe purchase among injection drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana, Mexico, where syringe purchase is legal but pharmacists are reluctant to sell syringes to IDUs. Hence, syringe sharing is common and HIV infection is on the rise. The goals of this research are to use a mixed methods approach to: 1) Characterize current practices regarding sales of sterile syringes to IDUs at pharmacies in Tijuana, 2) Identify reasons underlying refusal to sell syringes to IDUs and identify specific circumstances under which pharmacists would be willing to expand syringes sales, 3) Assess the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of pharmacists regarding HIV/AIDS and ascertain the acceptability of providing prevention information to purchasers of syringes, and 4) Elucidate IDUs1 past experiences with pharmacy-based syringe purchase and the circumstances under which they would most likely avail themselves of pharmacy syringe sales. The candidate will apply these findings in the development of a R01 application proposing a structural level intervention to expand syringe access to IDUs in Tijuana.

描述（由申请人提供）：该研究职业发展奖将为候选人提供定性和混合研究方法及其应用方面的培训，以了解吸毒人群中预防艾滋病毒的结构性障碍。在获得流行病学博士学位之前，这位候选人完成了国际政治方面的培训，并在卫生政策职位上工作了几年。在国际关系、卫生政策、传染病和药物滥用流行病学方面的独特背景，加上该奖项提议的质量培训，将使候选人能够就预防艾滋病毒的复杂结构层面障碍进行独立的、与政策有关的研究。该奖项提出的职业和培训目标是采用说教式和指导性学习来：1)在设计和实施定性研究方面建立专业知识；2)深入了解艾滋病毒预防的结构性障碍，重点关注低收入和中等收入国家的吸毒人群；3)熟练运用混合方法研究来了解艾滋病毒预防的结构性障碍；4)在吸毒人群的研究和干预方面获得进一步的伦理考虑方面的培训。5)为学术生涯培养一般技能。培训的一个关键方面将是对墨西哥蒂华纳注射吸毒者购买无菌注射器的障碍进行研究。在蒂华纳，注射器购买是合法的，但药剂师不愿向注射吸毒者出售注射器。因此，共用注射器很常见，艾滋病毒感染呈上升趋势。本研究的目的是使用混合方法的方法来：1)描述Tijuana药店向注射吸毒者销售无菌注射器的现行做法；2)确定拒绝向注射吸毒者销售注射器的原因，并确定药剂师愿意扩大注射器销售的具体情况；3)评估药剂师对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的知识、态度和信念，并确定向注射器购买者提供预防信息的可接受性。4)阐明IDUs1过去购买药房注射器的经验，以及他们最有可能利用药房注射器销售的情况。候选人将把这些发现应用于R01申请的开发，提出结构层面的干预措施，以扩大蒂华纳注射器的使用范围。