SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENT STUDIES

眼球扫视运动研究

• 批准号: 7716361
• 负责人: Chris R. S. Kaneko
• 金额: $ 17.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7716361
• 关键词: Area; Attention; Brain; Cerebellum; Complex; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Computer information processing; Diagnosis; Eye; Eye Movements; Foundations; Funding; Generations; Goals; Grant; Head; Institution; Investigation; Ipsilateral; Mechanics; Modeling; Motor; Motor output; Movement; Nervous System Physiology; Neuraxis; Neurologic; Neurons; Paralysed; Pontine structure; Process; Production; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Saccades; Signal Transduction; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Structure; System; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Work; abstracting; base; mind control; nucleus reticularis; oculomotor; sensorimotor system; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The ultimate goal of our work is to understand how the brain functions. To do this, we study the output (motor) portions, using the oculomotor system as a model, specifically those fast movements known as saccadic eye movements. We continue our studies of mechanisms of saccade generation and have recently focused on the function of the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (nrtp). My investigation of the long-lead burst neurons of the rostral pons (1) identified neurons that may act as a trigger for saccades and disproved several other previously hypothesized functions for these neurons. Our study of nrtp inactivation (2) showed that the nrtp is necessary for the production of saccades since its inactivation leads to paralysis of ipsilateral saccades. Finally, our preliminary findings (3) show that the command signal issued by the superior colliculus and relayed by the nrtp to the cerebellum is necessary for normometric saccades. We also continue to investigate other oculomotor structures. We have recently summarized (4) our previous work on the frontal smooth pursuit area. Our previous study on eye mechanics led to a new theoretical treatment (5) of the dynamics of eye detailing important new constraints on any hypothesis of how eye movements are controlled by the brain. These results not only advance our understanding of how the brain processes information in order to formulate actions based on that information, but they are also basic to the differential neurological diagnosis based on eye-movement signs now commonly used clinically as well as to our understanding of oculomotor processes. They also provide a foundation for studies of more complex aspects of central nervous system function such as interactions between motor systems (e.g., eye and head during orientation) or sensory and motor systems (e.g., the visual and oculomotor systems) and more abstract functions such as attention.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 我们工作的最终目标是了解大脑的功能。为此，我们使用眼动系统作为模型研究了输出（运动）部分，特别是那些称为saccadic眼动的快速运动。 我们继续研究扫视生成的机理，最近专注于网状细胞核pontis pontis（NRTP）的功能。我对Rostral PON的长长爆发神经元（1）的研究确定了神经元，这些神经元可能是扫视的触发，并反驳了这些神经元的其他几个先前假设的功能。 我们对NRTP失活的研究（2）表明，NRTP对于扫视的产生是必需的，因为它的失活导致同侧扫视瘫痪。 最后，我们的初步发现（3）表明，上凸孔发出并由NRTP传递给小脑的命令信号对于正态扫视是必需的。 我们还将继续研究其他动眼结构。 最近，我们总结了（4）以前在额叶平滑追击区域上的工作。 我们先前关于眼力学的研究导致了眼睛动力学的新理论治疗（5），详细介绍了有关大脑如何控制眼动的任何假设的重要新约束。这些结果不仅可以提高我们对大脑如何根据该信息制定动作的信息的理解，而且它们也是基于现在通常在临床上使用的眼动迹象以及我们对眼球运动过程的理解的差异神经诊断的基础。它们还为研究中枢神经系统功能的更复杂方面的研究提供了基础，例如运动系统（例如，在方向时的眼睛和头部）之间的相互作用，感觉和运动系统（例如，视觉和动眼动物系统）以及更多的抽象功能，例如注意力。