Women's physical activity and eating habits: Influence of work-family balance

女性体力活动和饮食习惯：工作与家庭平衡的影响

• 批准号: 7729075
• 负责人: JOSEPH G. GRZYWACZ
• 金额: $ 32.14万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-01 至 2011-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7729075
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Belief; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Child; Child Rearing; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Diet Habits; Disadvantaged; Disease; Eating Behavior; Education; Effectiveness; Employment; Equilibrium; Exercise; Family; Food; Goals; Habits; Health; Health Promotion and Education; Heart Diseases; Holidays; Hour; Individual; Intervention; Life; Life Style; Link; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Persons; Physical activity; Play; Policies; Population; Public Health; Race; Reliance; Research; Research Design; Resources; Role; Sampling; Schedule; School-Age Population; Schools; Self Care; Shapes; Time; Translating; Variant; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; Working Women; Workplace; base; cohort; design; effective intervention; flexibility; health disparity; improved; meetings; novel strategies; premature; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; success; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Physical activity and eating habits are believed to play a role in several chronic conditions, and they are claimed to be among the major causes of premature death. Despite widespread public health initiatives, attempts to promote healthy physical activity and eating habits have met with limited success, particularly among women of early child-rearing age as well as Black women and women with little formal education. The goal of this project is to determine the value of targeting work-family balance in workplace-based interventions designed to promote healthy physical activity and eating habits. This project is designed to accomplish to primary specific aims: 1) determine if difficulty balancing work and family (e.g., high work-family conflict) predicts women's level of physical activity (e.g., number of steps per day) and unhealthy eating behaviors (e.g., greater use of commercially-prepared foods); and 2) determine if within-person effects of work-family balance on physical activity and unhealthy eating behaviors differ by race or educational attainment. Additionally, the project was designed to accomplish two secondary aims: 3) evaluate the degree to which the effects of work-family balance on physical activity and unhealthy eating habits are explained (i.e., mediated) by time availability and psychological strain; and 4) determine if family-friendly work characteristics are associated with physical activity and eating habits. The aims of the project will be accomplished by collected repeated-measures data from a cohort of 400 women, stratified by race and educational attainment, and whose oldest child is aged 4 to 9. The project is guided by a conceptual framework arguing that women, particularly Black women and those with little education prioritize their work and family lives over their own self care. Data will be collected at 4 points across one year to capture natural rhythms in women's lives, including those imposed by their child's school schedule (e.g., holiday breaks). Analyses will use a General Linear Mixed Model approach to determine if within-person variation in work-family balance is associated with within-person variation in women's physical activity and eating habits. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The results of this study can be used to improve pubic health. Specifically, the results will provide new information that can be used to shape employment policies, such as those focused on curbing long work hours or those that promote employers' use of flexible scheduling. The results can also be used to inform workplace programs designed to promote healthy physical activity and eating habits.

描述（由申请人提供）：身体活动和饮食习惯被认为在几种慢性疾病中起作用，并且据称它们是过早死亡的主要原因之一。尽管采取了广泛的公共卫生举措，但促进健康的体育活动和饮食习惯的努力成效有限，特别是在早期育儿年龄的妇女以及黑人妇女和几乎没有受过正规教育的妇女中。该项目的目标是确定在工作场所采取旨在促进健康体育活动和饮食习惯的干预措施时，以工作与家庭平衡为目标的价值。该项目旨在实现主要的具体目标：1）确定是否难以平衡工作和家庭（例如，高的工作-家庭冲突）预测女性的身体活动水平（例如，每天的步数）和不健康的饮食行为（例如，更多地使用商业准备的食物）; 2）确定工作与家庭平衡对身体活动和不健康饮食行为的影响是否因种族或教育程度而异。此外，该项目旨在实现两个次要目标：3）评估工作与家庭平衡对身体活动和不健康饮食习惯的影响程度（即，中介）的时间可用性和心理压力;和4）确定是否家庭友好的工作特点与身体活动和饮食习惯。该项目的目标将通过从一组400名妇女中收集重复测量数据来实现，这些妇女按种族和教育程度分层，其最大的孩子在4至9岁之间。该项目以一个概念框架为指导，认为妇女，特别是黑人妇女和受教育程度低的妇女，优先考虑工作和家庭生活，而不是自我照顾。将在一年中的4个时间点收集数据，以捕捉妇女生活的自然节奏，包括由孩子的学校时间表强加的节奏（例如，假日休息）。分析将使用一般线性混合模型方法，以确定工作-家庭平衡的人内变化是否与女性身体活动和饮食习惯的人内变化相关。公共卫生相关性：这项研究的结果可用于改善公共卫生。具体而言，研究结果将提供可用于制定就业政策的新信息，例如那些专注于限制长时间工作或促进雇主使用灵活时间安排的政策。研究结果也可用于为旨在促进健康体育活动和饮食习惯的工作场所计划提供信息。