Combined Mammography Interventions for Black Women

描述（由申请人提供）：由于缺乏或不一致地使用乳房X线摄影筛查，医疗服务不足的非洲裔美国妇女患晚期乳腺癌的风险最大，导致生存率降低。需要有效的方法来提高他们的筛查率。申请人的长期职业目标是成为一名独立的调查员，能够制定和实施干预计划，以促进非洲裔美国妇女的癌症预防和控制行为。通过由经验丰富的护士研究人员和正式的研讨会，讲习班和会议指导的结构化培训计划，这个K01指导的少数民族职业发展奖将为申请人提供机会，开发和测试干预的可行性，该干预将乳腺X射线检查筛查非专业健康顾问干预与现有的，量身定制的，为低收入非洲裔美国妇女提供的交互式计算机教学计划。研究计划的主要目的是确定将非专业健康顾问和交互式定制计算机信息结合到一项干预措施中的可行性，并估计与乳腺X线摄影筛查依从性相关的联合干预措施的效应量。拟议的研究的概念框架整合了健康信念模型和跨理论模型的概念。在开发阶段（第1阶段）后，将招募和培训非专业健康顾问，然后进行一项小型随机试验，将受试者随机分配至联合干预条件或常规护理对照条件（第2阶段）。结果将包括乳腺X线摄影筛查依从性和乳腺X线摄影筛查采用阶段。将在基线和6个月时收集数据。 研究结果将作为初步数据，以支持R01应用程序，该应用程序将测试联合干预措施的有效性，以促进低收入非洲裔美国妇女的乳腺X射线摄影筛查依从性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Medically underserved African American women are at greatest risk for late stage breast cancer due to lack of or inconsistent use of mammography screening, resulting in decreased survival. Effective methods are needed to increase their screening rates. The long-term career goal of the applicant is to become an independent investigator capable of developing and implementing intervention programs to promote cancer prevention and control behaviors in African American women. Through a structured training plan of mentoring by seasoned nurse researchers and formal seminars, workshops, and conferences, this K01 Mentored Career Development Award for Underrepresented Minorities will provide the applicant with the opportunity to develop and test the feasibility of an intervention that combines a mammography screening lay health advisor intervention adapted from a CDC Community Health Worker model with an existing, tailored, interactive computer instruction program for low income African American women. The primary aims of the research plan are to determine the feasibility of combining lay health advisors and interactive tailored computer messages into one intervention and to estimate the effect size associated with the combined intervention on mammography screening adherence. The proposed study's conceptual framework integrates concepts from both the Health Belief Model and the Transtheoretical Model. After a development phase (Phase 1), during which lay health advisors will be recruited and trained, a small randomized trial will be conducted in which participants will be randomized to the combined intervention condition or to a usual care, control condition (Phase 2). Outcomes will include mammography screening adherence and stage of mammography screening adoption. Data will be collected at baseline and at 6 months. Findings will serve as preliminary data in support of an R01 application that will test the efficacy of the combined intervention to promote mammography screening adherence in low-income African American women.