Combined Mammography Interventions for Black Women

描述（由申请人提供）：由于缺乏或不一致使用乳房x光检查，医疗服务不足的非洲裔美国妇女患晚期乳腺癌的风险最大，导致生存率降低。需要有效的方法来提高其筛查率。申请人的长期职业目标是成为一名独立的研究者，能够制定和实施干预计划，以促进非裔美国妇女的癌症预防和控制行为。通过由经验丰富的护士研究人员指导的结构化培训计划，以及正式的研讨会、讲习班和会议，K01指导的少数族裔职业发展奖将为申请人提供机会，开发和测试干预措施的可行性，该干预措施结合了乳房x光检查，非专业健康顾问干预措施，该干预措施改编自CDC社区卫生工作者模式，并结合了现有的，量身定制的，为低收入的非裔美国妇女设计的交互式计算机教学程序。研究计划的主要目的是确定将非专业健康顾问和交互式定制计算机信息结合为一种干预措施的可行性，并估计与乳房x光检查依从性相关的联合干预措施的效应大小。本研究的概念框架整合了健康信念模型和跨理论模型的概念。在开发阶段（第一阶段）之后，将招募和培训非专业健康顾问，然后进行一项小型随机试验，其中参与者将随机分配到联合干预条件或常规护理控制条件（第二阶段）。结果将包括乳房x光检查依从性和乳房x光检查采用的阶段。将在基线和6个月时收集数据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Medically underserved African American women are at greatest risk for late stage breast cancer due to lack of or inconsistent use of mammography screening, resulting in decreased survival. Effective methods are needed to increase their screening rates. The long-term career goal of the applicant is to become an independent investigator capable of developing and implementing intervention programs to promote cancer prevention and control behaviors in African American women. Through a structured training plan of mentoring by seasoned nurse researchers and formal seminars, workshops, and conferences, this K01 Mentored Career Development Award for Underrepresented Minorities will provide the applicant with the opportunity to develop and test the feasibility of an intervention that combines a mammography screening lay health advisor intervention adapted from a CDC Community Health Worker model with an existing, tailored, interactive computer instruction program for low income African American women. The primary aims of the research plan are to determine the feasibility of combining lay health advisors and interactive tailored computer messages into one intervention and to estimate the effect size associated with the combined intervention on mammography screening adherence. The proposed study's conceptual framework integrates concepts from both the Health Belief Model and the Transtheoretical Model. After a development phase (Phase 1), during which lay health advisors will be recruited and trained, a small randomized trial will be conducted in which participants will be randomized to the combined intervention condition or to a usual care, control condition (Phase 2). Outcomes will include mammography screening adherence and stage of mammography screening adoption. Data will be collected at baseline and at 6 months. Findings will serve as preliminary data in support of an R01 application that will test the efficacy of the combined intervention to promote mammography screening adherence in low-income African American women.