Development of In Vivo EPR Tooth Dosimetry for Use by Non-Expert Personnel

供非专家人员使用的体内 EPR 牙齿剂量测定的开发

• 批准号: 7746405
• 负责人: Oleg Grinberg
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: CLIN-EPR, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7746405
• 关键词: Accidents; Accounting; Achievement; Affect; Age; Automation; Characteristics; Classification; Collaborations; Computer software; Consult; Cosmetics; Data; Data Collection; Demographic Factors; Dental; Development; Devices; Discrimination; Dose; Effectiveness; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Emergency Situation; Equipment; Event; Exercise; Exposure to; Gender; Goals; Healthcare Systems; Human Resources; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Ionizing radiation; Laboratories; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Nuclear; Operative Surgical Procedures; Output; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Probability; Procedures; Process; Production; Race; Radiation; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Role; Safety; Sampling; Screening procedure; Shapes; Simulate; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Solutions; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Tooth structure; Training; Triage; Uncertainty; Variant; Work; base; clinically significant; data acquisition; design; detector; dosimetry; experience; in vivo; instrument; instrumentation; model development; mortality; portability; prototype; public health relevance; response; restoration; software development; usability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of the proposed project is to establish the feasibility of developing the techniques and the instrumentation that will enable EPR dosimetry, based on measurements of teeth in vivo, to be at a state where it can be used by non-expert personnel in the field in response to radiation events where large numbers of people have potentially had significant exposures to ionizing radiation. Ongoing studies at Dartmouth have demonstrated the safety of EPR tooth dosimetry and its ability to quantify individual exposures to ionizing radiation. However, the devices currently in use are typical of laboratory equipment, requiring expert operators and a complicated, multi-step measurement and analysis process. In addition there have not been systematic studies of variables that are likely to affect measurements in real populations under field conditions such as tooth size and shape, the impact of significant dental work, and demographic differences (such as age, gender, race). To show the feasibility of EPR tooth dosimetry with non-expert users under practical field conditions, the study will: (i) develop hardware and software solutions automating the measurement process; (ii) develop experimental data on the impact of individual differences; and (iii) develop sophisticated sampling and modeling techniques to account for individual differences. The studies will be carried out in collaboration with the Dartmouth EPR Center where, under a subcontract, the unique equipment and experience at Dartmouth will be used to develop experimental data that can be used to account for individual variations; advise on the development of modeling and software to account for individual variations, including testing software models developed by Clin-EPR; to consult on the development of hardware solutions for automating and simplifying measurement processes; and in conjunction with Clin-EPR to implement and test these hardware solutions. Achievement of these goals will enable a second phase of the project in which we will produce a fully functional prototype instrument with capabilities and procedures that will be suitable for operation under field conditions by non-expert operators to assist in the triage of populations that have potentially been exposed to clinically significant amounts of ionizing radiation. Such an instrument could then be prepared in an appropriate form for widespread use to enhance the effectiveness of responses to events in which large numbers of individuals have potentially been exposed to radiation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The ability to measure individual radiation exposures of people at the site of a recent accident or terrorist event will be a major improvement in the capabilities of the emergency response system to react effectively to the medical challenges created by the potential exposure of large numbers of people to clinically significant levels of ionizing radiation. With the capability of EPR tooth dosimetry to provide after-the-fact estimates of doses to individuals, the medical assets available can be utilized most effectively by identifying those who do not need immediate entry into the health care system and those for whom appropriate and prompt intervention can increase the probability of reducing morbidity and mortality from the exposure to radiation.

描述（由申请人提供）： 拟议项目的目的是确定开发技术和仪器的可行性，使EPR剂量测定法能够以活体牙齿测量为基础，使其处于一种状态，即非专业人员可以在现场使用，以应对大量人员可能受到电离辐射严重照射的辐射事件。达特茅斯正在进行的研究已经证明了EPR牙齿剂量测定的安全性及其量化个体电离辐射暴露的能力。然而，目前使用的设备是典型的实验室设备，需要专业的操作人员和复杂的多步骤测量和分析过程。此外，还没有对可能影响现场条件下真实的人群测量结果的变量进行系统研究，如牙齿大小和形状、重要牙科工作的影响以及人口统计学差异（如年龄、性别、种族）。为了证明非专业用户在实际现场条件下进行EPR牙齿剂量测定的可行性，该研究将：（i）开发硬件和软件解决方案，使测量过程自动化;（ii）开发关于个体差异影响的实验数据;以及（iii）开发复杂的采样和建模技术，以考虑个体差异。这些研究将与达特茅斯EPR中心合作进行，根据合同，达特茅斯的独特设备和经验将用于开发可用于解释个体差异的实验数据;就模型和软件的开发提供建议，以解释个体差异，包括测试Clin-EPR开发的软件模型;为自动化和简化测量过程的硬件解决方案的开发提供咨询;并与Clin-EPR一起实施和测试这些硬件解决方案。这些目标的实现将使该项目进入第二阶段，在该阶段，我们将制作一个功能齐全的原型仪器，其功能和程序将适合非专业操作人员在实地条件下操作，以协助对可能受到临床上大量电离辐射的人群进行分类。然后，可以以适当的形式编制这一文书，供广泛使用，以提高对可能有大量个人受到辐射的事件作出反应的效力。公共卫生相关性：在最近的事故或恐怖事件现场测量个人辐射照射的能力将大大提高应急系统的能力，使其能够有效应对大量人可能受到临床上显著水平的电离辐射照射所造成的医疗挑战。由于EPR牙齿剂量测定法能够提供对个人剂量的事后估计，可以最有效地利用现有的医疗资产，确定哪些人不需要立即进入保健系统，哪些人适当和及时的干预可以增加减少辐射照射的发病率和死亡率的可能性。