ETIOLOGY OF COPD AMONG CONSTRUCTION WORKERS

建筑工人慢性阻塞性肺病的病因

• 批准号: 8325341
• 负责人: JOHN M DEMENT
• 金额: $ 43.58万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8325341
• 关键词: ETIOLOGY; COPD; AMONG; CONSTRUCTION; WORKERS

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Twelve million people in the US have diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the US and is responsible for more than 130,000 deaths annually. At least 15% of COPD cases are attributable to occupational exposures; however, relatively little is known about specific occupational exposure agents that increase the risk of COPD or interactions of occupational exposures and other risk factors such as cigarette smoking. We propose to conduct a case-control study of COPD among construction and craft workers identified at high risk of COPD through preliminary studies. The study includes a broad spectrum of construction crafts with numerous and varied exposures to occupational agents of interest. This study will include approximately 1500 COPD cases and 1500 grouped-matched controls selected from a population of over 15,000 workers undergoing occupational medicine examinations provided by the Building Trades National Medical Screening Program (BTMED), supported by the US Department of Energy. Cases and controls will complete a telephone interview to determine all jobs held more than six months, performance of specific tasks in these jobs, and exposures to agents thought to increase COPD. A panel of three experienced industrial hygienists will conduct exposure assessments of jobs and tasks reported by study participants. Detailed analyses will identify exposures that increase COPD risk and evaluate interactions of occupational risk factors with personal factors such as smoking, prior respiratory history, hobby- related exposures, and family history of COPD. Combining data from the BTMED examinations with detailed information on exposures from the interview questionnaire is innovative and provides a unique opportunity to learn more about specific exposures increasing COPD risk. This study addresses many of the limitations of prior studies of COPD and occupation including: 1) low statistical power due to small populations with low numbers of COPD cases, 2) COPD cases not based on spirometry, 3) exposure assessments often simply based on job title, occupation, or industry, and 4) limited data on non-occupational risk factors such as cigarette smoking, obesity, medical history, family history, and hobby-related activities. The research team is comprised of experienced occupational lung disease researchers with a long history of productive collaboration.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国有 1200 万人被诊断出患有慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD)。 COPD 是美国第四大死因，每年导致超过 130,000 人死亡。至少 15% 的慢性阻塞性肺病病例可归因于职业暴露；然而，对于会增加慢性阻塞性肺病风险的特定职业暴露因素或职业暴露与吸烟等其他危险因素之间的相互作用，人们知之甚少。 我们建议对通过初步研究确定为慢性阻塞性肺病高风险的建筑工人和手工艺工人进行慢性阻塞性肺病病例对照研究。该研究包括广泛的建筑工艺，以及大量不同的接触感兴趣的职业因素。这项研究将包括约 1500 个慢性阻塞性肺病病例和 1500 个分组匹配对照，这些对照是从超过 15,000 名工人中选出的，这些工人正在接受美国能源部支持的建筑行业国家医疗筛查计划 (BTMED) 提供的职业医学检查。病例和对照将完成电话访谈，以确定所有工作时间超过六个月的工作、这些工作中特定任务的执行情况以及与被认为会增加慢性阻塞性肺病的药物的接触情况。由三名经验丰富的工业卫生学家组成的小组将对研究参与者报告的工作和任务进行暴露评估。详细分析将确定增加慢性阻塞性肺病风险的暴露，并评估职业风险因素与个人因素（如吸烟、既往呼吸病史、与爱好相关的暴露和慢性阻塞性肺病家族史）的相互作用。 将 BTMED 检查的数据与访谈问卷中有关暴露的详细信息相结合是一种创新，并提供了一个独特的机会来了解更多有关增加慢性阻塞性肺病风险的特定暴露的信息。这项研究解决了先前关于慢性阻塞性肺病和职业研究的许多局限性，包括：1）由于慢性阻塞性肺病病例数量少，人口少，统计能力低；2）慢性阻塞性肺病病例不基于肺活量测定；3）暴露评估通常仅基于职称、职业或行业；4）非职业风险因素（如吸烟、肥胖、病史、家族史和业余爱好相关活动）的数据有限。该研究团队由经验丰富的职业性肺病研究人员组成，具有悠久的富有成效的合作历史。