Culture-Based Prediction of Adolescent HIV Risk

描述（由申请人提供）：由想法，理解，信仰和主观知识组成，文化是青少年风险行为的决定因素，由特定社会群体中的青少年共享。文化影响青少年的风险行为，因为个人选择的角色和选择的情况下，从文化中设定的选项，导致风险行为。在这项为期五年的社区研究计划中，我们计划研究青少年文化的一个特定领域，即性和浪漫关系。我们专注于两个人群，有高风险的艾滋病毒感染与性和浪漫的关系-中低至低SES的非洲裔美国人异性恋晚期青少年和中低至低SES的非洲裔美国人性少数晚期青少年。这项研究的目标是确定艾滋病毒的风险是普遍的文化预测，分别为中低或低SES的非裔美国青少年的异性恋或性少数取向。我们的第一个具体目标是使用定性方法，从三个地理上遥远的城市的异性恋和性少数群体中抽取样本，确定性和浪漫关系的文化模式：奥克兰，加利福尼亚州，芝加哥，IL和伯明翰，AL。我们的第二个具体目标是比较，使用调查，与性和浪漫关系有关的文化模式，在同样的三个异性恋和同样的三个性少数群体中抽取样本。我们的第三个具体目标是研究文化模型确定的文化特定属性（CS As）有关的性和浪漫的关系对每个性取向群体的艾滋病风险行为的影响。使用新的样本，我们将测试的假设，这些CSA措施将预测相应的性取向组的艾滋病毒风险行为比非文化自我报告的措施，以前已被证明可以预测这些人群中的艾滋病毒风险行为。拟议的研究测试了一种创新的方法，用于识别与性和浪漫关系有关的群体特定文化知识，校准调查结果以解释群体间的差异，并制定文化措施，可用于解释艾滋病毒风险行为和设计适合特定人群的艾滋病毒风险降低干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Consisting of ideas, understandings, beliefs, and subjective knowledge, culture is a determinant of adolescent risk behavior that is shared by adolescents in a given social group. Culture affects adolescent risk behavior because individuals choose roles and select situations leading to risky behavior from among culturally posited options. In this proposed five year community-based research project, we plan to study a particular domain of adolescent culture, that of sex and romantic relationships. We focus on two populations that have high levels of risk for HIV infection associated with sex and romantic relationships- mid-low to low SES African American heterosexual late adolescents and mid-low to low SES African American sexual minority late adolescents. The goal of the research is to identify cultural predictors of HIV risk that are generalizable, respectively, to mid-low to low SES African American adolescents of either heterosexual or sexual minority orientation. Our first specific aim is to identify, using qualitative methods, cultural models of sex and romantic relationships in samples drawn from heterosexual and sexual minority communities in three geographically distal cities: Oakland, CA, Chicago, IL and Birmingham, AL. Our second specific aim is to compare, using a survey, cultural models related to sex and romantic relationships among samples drawn from the same three heterosexual and the same three sexual minority groups. Our third specific aim is to study the effect of cultural model-determined culturally specified attributes (CS As) related to sex and romantic relationships on the HIV risk behaviors of each sexual orientation group. Using new samples, we will test the hypothesis that these CSA measures will predict HIV risk behaviors of the corresponding sexual orientation group better than non-cultural self-report measures that have previously been shown to predict HIV risk behaviors in these populations. The proposed research tests an innovative method for identification of group- specific cultural knowledge related to sex and romantic relationships, calibrates findings to account for inter-group differences, and develops cultural measures that can be used both to explain HIV risk behavior and to design HIV risk reduction interventions suited to specific populations.