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Rejection sensitivity and self-regulation in personality disorders

人格障碍中的拒绝敏感性和自我调节

基本信息

批准号：
8030689
负责人：
Geraldine A Downey
金额：
$ 4.9万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-01 至 2012-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8030689
关键词：
Accounting Address Affect Affective Aggressive behavior Alcohol or Other Drugs use Anger Attenuated Basic Science Behavior Behavioral inhibition Binge Eating Borderline Personality Disorder Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Cereals Clinical Cognitive Communities Cues Data Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Equilibrium Exposure to Fostering Foundations Fright Funding Goals Health Care Costs Impulsive Behavior Individual Informal Social Control Intervention Interview Knowledge Laboratories Life Major Depressive Disorder Methods Modeling Monitor Moods Ointments Patient Self-Report Personality Personality Disorders Persons Prevention Problem Solving Procedures Process Process Assessment Psyche structure Punishment Questionnaires Reaction Readiness Recruitment Activity Relative (related person)Reporting Research Research Personnel Rewards Risk Role Sampling Self-Injurious Behavior Societies Specificity Stress Symptoms System Testing Translational Research Withdrawal Work base clinically relevant comparison group coping diaries executive function experience flexibility functional disability high risk improved in vivo indexing interest physical conditioning prevent response sex social

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is well known that healthy social relationships foster mental and physical health. Unfortunately, some people find relationships overwhelming and cope in self-defeating ways, extreme forms of which are captured in Borderline (BPD) and Avoidant (APD) Personality Disorders. BPD is characterized by volatile relationships involving angry, impulsive and self-injurious reactions to the threat of rejection. APD is characterized by pervasive and self-undermining avoidance of situations and roles entailing potential exposure to rejection. Our goal is to advance knowledge of processes that generate these debilitating disorders by building on basic personality research on two social-cognitive dispositions: (1) Rejection sensitivity (RS) is the disposition to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and intensely react to rejection. (2) Self-regulatory competency is the ability to effortfully override automatic reactions in favor of less dominant but more appropriate responses. Prior work shows that, in people high in RS, rejection cues rapidly and automatically prepare them to detect and to react intensely to forestall rejection. This potentially adaptive threat-response system can become maladaptive if activated indiscriminately in situations that require reflective, strategic behavior or when the threat is minimal. While both BPD and APD involve high RS, BPD alone is characterized by the dysregulating consequences of managing an intense need for social connection along with an intense fear of rejection. The proposed research examines how RS and regulatory competency interact to influence social threat processing dynamics and psychiatric symptoms in these disorders. Persons with BPD (n = 50) and APD (n = 50) recruited from the community and assessed with diagnostic interviews will be compared with two groups without personality disorders -- one group with Major Depression and one with no disorders. The research involves a unique combination of (a) experimental laboratory paradigms that enable fine-grained analyses of if & then processes underlying BPD and APD symptoms, and (b) a 21-day experience-sampling diary that will show how these processes relate to psychiatric symptoms in daily life. Aim 1 is to assess whether individuals with BPD or APD selectively attend to, perceive, and react to social cues in ways that reflect high RS. Aim 2 is to assess aspects of regulatory competency relevant to APD and BPD and to determine how they protect against the personal and interpersonal difficulties generated by RS. Borderline (BPD) and Avoidant (APD) Personality Disorders are serious disorders associated with severe functional impairment, and in the case of BPD, self-injurious urges and impulsive behaviors that often incur very high healthcare costs. By clarifying the specific processes by which the debilitating symptoms of these disorders emerge, this research will improve assessment procedures and provide a foundation for scientifically justified interventions intended to reduce the toll of these disorders on individuals and society.

描述(申请人提供)：众所周知，健康的社会关系有助于身心健康。不幸的是，有些人发现人际关系不堪重负，并以弄巧成拙的方式来应对，其中的极端形式表现为BPD和Avoidant人格障碍。BPD的特点是易变的关系，包括愤怒、冲动和对拒绝威胁的自我伤害反应。APD的特点是无处不在和自我破坏的回避情况和角色导致潜在的拒绝暴露。我们的目标是通过建立在两种社会认知倾向的基础上的人格研究来促进对产生这些衰弱障碍的过程的了解：(1)拒绝敏感性(RS)是一种焦虑地期待、容易察觉和强烈反应拒绝的倾向。(2)自我调节能力是指努力超越自动反应，支持不那么占优势但更合适的反应的能力。先前的研究表明，在RS高的人中，拒绝提示会迅速并自动地使他们准备好检测并对预先拒绝做出强烈反应。如果在需要深思熟虑的战略行为或威胁最小的情况下不加区别地激活，这种潜在的自适应威胁响应系统可能会变得不适应。虽然BPD和APD都涉及高RS，但BPD本身的特点是管理对社交的强烈需求以及对拒绝的强烈恐惧所产生的失调后果。这项拟议的研究考察了RS和调节能力如何相互作用，以影响这些障碍中的社会威胁处理动态和精神症状。从社区招募的BPD(n=50)和apd(n=50)患者，通过诊断性访谈进行评估，将与两组没有人格障碍的人进行比较--一组患有严重抑郁症，另一组没有障碍。这项研究涉及一种独特的组合：(A)实验实验室范式，能够对潜在的bpd和apd症状进行细粒度分析，以及(B)21天的经验采样日记，将显示这些过程如何与日常生活中的精神症状相关。第一个目标是评估患有BPD或APD的个体是否有选择地注意、感知和反应社交线索，以反映高RS。目标2是评估与apd和bpd相关的监管能力方面，并确定它们如何防止RS造成的个人和人际困难。边界人格障碍(BPD)和回避人格障碍(Apd)是与严重的功能障碍相关的严重障碍，对于BPD来说，自我伤害的冲动和冲动行为通常会导致非常高的医疗费用。通过澄清这些疾病的衰弱症状出现的具体过程，这项研究将改进评估程序，并为旨在减少这些疾病对个人和社会造成的损失的科学合理的干预措施提供基础。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The rejection-rage contingency in borderline personality disorder.

DOI：
10.1037/a0023335
发表时间：
2011-08
期刊：
Journal of abnormal psychology
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Berenson KR;Downey G;Rafaeli E;Coifman KG;Paquin NL
通讯作者：
Paquin NL

Reward and Punishment Sensitivity in Borderline and Avoidant Personality Disorders.

DOI：
10.1521/pedi_2020_34_475
发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
Journal of personality disorders
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
K. Berenson;Sarah M Van De Weert;Stella Nicolaou;Cindy Campoverde;Eshkol Rafaeli;G. Downey
通讯作者：
K. Berenson;Sarah M Van De Weert;Stella Nicolaou;Cindy Campoverde;Eshkol Rafaeli;G. Downey

Affective instability as a clinical feature of avoidant personality disorder.

情感不稳定是回避型人格障碍的一个临床特征。