PS07-003, Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative (MARI)

PS07-003，少数群体艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究计划 (MARI)

• 批准号: 7922501
• 负责人: Carl Dennis Sneed
• 金额: $ 18.5万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV-DOMINGUEZ HILLS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2013-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7922501
• 关键词: PS07; 003; Minority; HIV; AIDS

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Proposed is a two phased, multi-method study aimed at describing strategies used by African American and Latino parents to discuss issues of sex with their children and to examine the influence of the family and culture on sexual risk behaviors among African American and Latino youth. In the first phase, we will use focus groups to identify strategies African American and Latino parents use to communicate with their children about sex. In the second phase, we will use questionnaires to examine the role of family and culture on STD and HIV risk among African American and Latino youth. The results of the focus groups will be used to develop questions for the quantitative phase of this study. Strategies parents use for communication about sex will be identified from the parent focus groups. Questions will be developed to examine the impact of family and culture on these strategies within African American and Latino families. Acculturation, ethnic identity, and generational status will be used to assess the role of culture in sexual health communication messages within the context of the family. Forty-eight parents (24 African Americans and 24 Latinos) will take part in the qualitative phase of this study. Four hundred families (one caregiver and one child per family - total number of participants equals 800) will be recruited to take part in the quantitative phase of this study. Each parent and child participant will complete a paper-and-pencil questionnaire with items to assess demographics, psychosocial factors (culture), parent-adolescent communication, and HIV risk among adolescents. Separate analyses will be carried out for the parent and child sample. Parent-adolescent communication is the primary criterion for the parent participants while STD and HIV risk is the primary criterion for the child participants. Culture and communication strategies will be examined as predictor variables for both parent and child participants. Audio computer assisted interviewing (ACASI) will be used with sensitive questions to increase validity. The strategies parents use or anticipate they can use to communicate with their children about sex will be identified in phase I. In phase II, these strategies will be confirmed in a larger sample. Phase II will allow us to examine the use or potential use of parent-adolescent communication strategies while taking into consideration culture and other family contextual variables. The specific aims of this study are to: Phase I -Qualitative aims. 1. Identify strategies African American and Latino parents use to communicate with their children about sex. 2. Establish the utility of strategies for talking with teens about sex from prior research with African American and Latino parents. Phase II - Quantitative aims. 3. Examine how adolescent STD and HIV risk are handled within the context of the family. a. Examine how family factors (i.e., parent-adolescent communication, parental monitoring, parental social support, and family cohesion) impact STD and HIV risk within the family context; and b. Examine how cultural factors (i.e., ethnic identity, acculturation, and generational status) impacts STD and HIV risk issues within the family context. The proposed research addresses the first research objective listed in the RFA, "Effective STD and HIV education and prevention activities among Black and Hispanic youth." The proposed research is relevant to two of the five areas under this objective. The first area is, "identify and assess viable prevention approaches that successfully reach youth prior to onset of sexual risk behaviors." Our research targets methods parents can use to talk to their children about sex. Based on prior research, improved parent-adolescent communication reduces sexual risk behaviors of adolescents. The second area is, "identify innovative STD and HIV prevention approaches to reach youth with targeted education and prevention." Research on parent-adolescent communication is not unique. However, the purpose of this research is to identify strategies African American and Latino parents can use to talk their children about sex that are culturally relevant. The information gleaned from this study will be used to develop innovative and culturally relevant intervention materials targeting STD and HIV risk reduction through parent- adolescent communication. The alarming rate of STDs and HIV in African American and Latino communities has become a serious public health concern. The proposed study seeks to reduce the rates of STDs and HIV through understanding and the development of strategies to improve parent-adolescent communication about sex among African Americans and Latinos. The strategies will be studied for their cultural appropriateness within the context of the family.

描述（由申请人提供）：建议是一个两阶段，多方法的研究，旨在描述非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母与他们的孩子讨论性问题所使用的策略，并检查家庭和文化对非裔美国人和拉丁裔青年性风险行为的影响。在第一阶段，我们将使用焦点小组来确定非裔美国人和拉丁美洲父母与孩子就性问题进行沟通的策略。在第二阶段，我们将使用问卷调查，以检查在非洲裔美国人和拉丁美洲青年的性病和艾滋病毒风险的家庭和文化的作用。焦点小组的结果将用于制定本研究定量阶段的问题。父母用于沟通性的策略将从父母焦点小组中确定。问题将被开发，以研究家庭和文化对这些战略在非洲裔美国人和拉丁美洲家庭的影响。文化适应，种族认同和代际地位将被用来评估文化的作用，在性健康的沟通信息的背景下，家庭。48名家长（24名非洲裔美国人和24名拉丁美洲人）将参加本研究的定性阶段。将招募400个家庭（每个家庭一名护理人员和一名儿童-参与者总数等于800）参与本研究的定量阶段。每位家长和儿童参与者将填写一份纸笔问卷，其中包括评估人口统计学、心理社会因素（文化）、父母与青少年的沟通以及青少年中的艾滋病毒风险的项目。将对父母和孩子样本进行单独分析。父母与青少年的沟通是父母参与者的首要标准，而性病和艾滋病毒的风险是儿童参与者的首要标准。文化和沟通策略将作为父母和孩子参与者的预测变量进行研究。音频计算机辅助面试（ACASI）将用于敏感问题，以提高有效性。第一阶段将确定父母使用或预期他们可以使用的与子女进行性交流的策略。在第二阶段，这些战略将在更大的样本中得到证实。第二阶段将使我们能够检查使用或潜在使用的父母与青少年的沟通策略，同时考虑到文化和其他家庭环境变量。本研究的具体目标是：第一阶段-定性目标。1.找出非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母与孩子沟通性问题的策略。2.从先前对非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔父母的研究中，建立与青少年谈论性的策略的效用。第二阶段-量化目标。3.研究如何在家庭环境中处理青少年性传播疾病和艾滋病毒风险。a.研究家庭因素（即，父母与青少年的沟通、父母的监督、父母的社会支持和家庭的凝聚力）影响家庭环境中的性病和艾滋病毒风险;以及B.研究文化因素（即，种族认同、文化适应和代际地位）影响家庭环境中的性病和艾滋病毒风险问题。拟议的研究解决了RFA中列出的第一个研究目标，“在黑人和西班牙裔青年中开展有效的性病和艾滋病毒教育和预防活动。“建议的研究与这一目标下五个领域中的两个有关。第一个领域是，“确定和评估可行的预防方法，在性风险行为发生之前成功地接触到青年。“我们的研究目标是父母可以用来和孩子谈论性的方法。根据先前的研究，改善父母与青少年的沟通可以减少青少年的性风险行为。第二个领域是，“确定创新性的性病和艾滋病毒预防方法，向青年提供有针对性的教育和预防。“关于父母与青少年沟通的研究并不是独一无二的。然而，这项研究的目的是确定非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔父母可以用来谈论他们的孩子关于性的文化相关的策略。从这项研究中收集的信息将用于制定创新的和文化上相关的干预材料，旨在通过父母-青少年沟通减少性病和艾滋病毒的风险。非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔社区的性病和艾滋病毒感染率令人震惊，已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题。这项拟议的研究旨在通过了解和制定战略，改善非裔美国人和拉丁美洲人之间父母与青少年关于性的沟通，降低性病和艾滋病毒的发病率。将研究这些战略在家庭背景下的文化适当性。