PS07-003, Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative (MARI)

PS07-003，少数群体艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究计划 (MARI)

• 批准号: 7922501
• 负责人: Carl Dennis Sneed
• 金额: $ 18.5万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV-DOMINGUEZ HILLS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2013-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7922501
• 关键词: PS07; 003; Minority; HIV; AIDS

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Proposed is a two phased, multi-method study aimed at describing strategies used by African American and Latino parents to discuss issues of sex with their children and to examine the influence of the family and culture on sexual risk behaviors among African American and Latino youth. In the first phase, we will use focus groups to identify strategies African American and Latino parents use to communicate with their children about sex. In the second phase, we will use questionnaires to examine the role of family and culture on STD and HIV risk among African American and Latino youth. The results of the focus groups will be used to develop questions for the quantitative phase of this study. Strategies parents use for communication about sex will be identified from the parent focus groups. Questions will be developed to examine the impact of family and culture on these strategies within African American and Latino families. Acculturation, ethnic identity, and generational status will be used to assess the role of culture in sexual health communication messages within the context of the family. Forty-eight parents (24 African Americans and 24 Latinos) will take part in the qualitative phase of this study. Four hundred families (one caregiver and one child per family - total number of participants equals 800) will be recruited to take part in the quantitative phase of this study. Each parent and child participant will complete a paper-and-pencil questionnaire with items to assess demographics, psychosocial factors (culture), parent-adolescent communication, and HIV risk among adolescents. Separate analyses will be carried out for the parent and child sample. Parent-adolescent communication is the primary criterion for the parent participants while STD and HIV risk is the primary criterion for the child participants. Culture and communication strategies will be examined as predictor variables for both parent and child participants. Audio computer assisted interviewing (ACASI) will be used with sensitive questions to increase validity. The strategies parents use or anticipate they can use to communicate with their children about sex will be identified in phase I. In phase II, these strategies will be confirmed in a larger sample. Phase II will allow us to examine the use or potential use of parent-adolescent communication strategies while taking into consideration culture and other family contextual variables. The specific aims of this study are to: Phase I -Qualitative aims. 1. Identify strategies African American and Latino parents use to communicate with their children about sex. 2. Establish the utility of strategies for talking with teens about sex from prior research with African American and Latino parents. Phase II - Quantitative aims. 3. Examine how adolescent STD and HIV risk are handled within the context of the family. a. Examine how family factors (i.e., parent-adolescent communication, parental monitoring, parental social support, and family cohesion) impact STD and HIV risk within the family context; and b. Examine how cultural factors (i.e., ethnic identity, acculturation, and generational status) impacts STD and HIV risk issues within the family context. The proposed research addresses the first research objective listed in the RFA, "Effective STD and HIV education and prevention activities among Black and Hispanic youth." The proposed research is relevant to two of the five areas under this objective. The first area is, "identify and assess viable prevention approaches that successfully reach youth prior to onset of sexual risk behaviors." Our research targets methods parents can use to talk to their children about sex. Based on prior research, improved parent-adolescent communication reduces sexual risk behaviors of adolescents. The second area is, "identify innovative STD and HIV prevention approaches to reach youth with targeted education and prevention." Research on parent-adolescent communication is not unique. However, the purpose of this research is to identify strategies African American and Latino parents can use to talk their children about sex that are culturally relevant. The information gleaned from this study will be used to develop innovative and culturally relevant intervention materials targeting STD and HIV risk reduction through parent- adolescent communication. The alarming rate of STDs and HIV in African American and Latino communities has become a serious public health concern. The proposed study seeks to reduce the rates of STDs and HIV through understanding and the development of strategies to improve parent-adolescent communication about sex among African Americans and Latinos. The strategies will be studied for their cultural appropriateness within the context of the family.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议是一个两阶段，多方法的研究，旨在描述非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母与孩子讨论性问题的策略，并检查家庭和文化对非裔美国人和拉丁裔青少年性风险行为的影响。在第一阶段，我们将使用焦点小组来确定非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母与孩子进行性交流的策略。在第二阶段，我们将使用问卷调查来检查家庭和文化对非裔美国人和拉丁裔青年性病和艾滋病风险的作用。焦点小组的结果将用于开发本研究定量阶段的问题。父母在性交流中使用的策略将从父母焦点小组中确定。将提出问题，以审查非裔美国人和拉丁裔家庭中家庭和文化对这些战略的影响。文化适应、种族认同和代际地位将被用来评估文化在家庭背景下性健康传播信息中的作用。48位父母（24位非裔美国人和24位拉丁裔美国人）将参与本研究的定性阶段。本研究将招募400个家庭（每个家庭一名护理员和一名儿童-参与者总数为800）参加定量阶段的研究。每位家长和儿童参与者将完成一份纸笔问卷，其中包括评估人口统计、社会心理因素（文化）、父母-青少年沟通和青少年中艾滋病毒风险的项目。父母和孩子的样本将分别进行分析。父母与青少年之间的交流是父母参与者的主要标准，而性病和艾滋病风险是儿童参与者的主要标准。文化和沟通策略将作为父母和儿童参与者的预测变量进行检查。音频计算机辅助面试（ACASI）将用于敏感问题，以提高有效性。父母在与孩子进行性交流时使用或预期使用的策略将在第一阶段确定。在第二阶段，这些策略将在更大的样本中得到证实。第二阶段将允许我们在考虑文化和其他家庭背景变量的同时，检查父母-青少年沟通策略的使用或潜在使用。本研究的具体目的是：第一阶段-定性目的。1. 找出非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母与孩子进行性交流的策略。2. 从先前对非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母的研究中，建立与青少年谈论性的实用策略。第二阶段：量化目标。3. 检查如何在家庭背景下处理青少年性病和艾滋病毒风险。a.检查家庭因素（即父母与青少年的沟通、父母的监督、父母的社会支持和家庭凝聚力）如何在家庭环境中影响性病和艾滋病毒风险；b.研究文化因素（即种族认同、文化适应和代际地位）如何影响家庭背景下的性病和艾滋病风险问题。拟议的研究解决了RFA中列出的第一个研究目标，“在黑人和西班牙裔青年中进行有效的性病和艾滋病教育和预防活动”。拟议的研究与本目标下的五个领域中的两个有关。第一个领域是，“确定并评估可行的预防方法，这些方法可以在性危险行为发生之前成功地影响青少年。”我们的研究目标是父母可以用来和孩子谈论性的方法。基于先前的研究，改善亲子沟通可以降低青少年的性风险行为。第二个领域是，“确定创新的性病和艾滋病毒预防方法，通过有针对性的教育和预防来接触年轻人。”对亲子沟通的研究并不是独一无二的。然而，这项研究的目的是确定非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母可以用来与他们的孩子谈论与文化相关的性的策略。从本研究中收集的信息将用于开发创新和文化相关的干预材料，旨在通过父母与青少年的沟通来降低性病和艾滋病的风险。非裔美国人和拉丁裔社区中令人震惊的性传播疾病和艾滋病毒感染率已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题。这项拟议的研究旨在通过了解和制定策略来改善非裔美国人和拉丁裔美国人在性方面的父母-青少年沟通，从而降低性病和艾滋病的发病率。将研究这些战略在家庭背景下的文化适宜性。