Marketing, FDA communication, tobacco perceptions and use in addiction treatment

描述(由申请人提供)：2009年《烟草控制法案》指控FDA监管烟草产品，以服务于公共卫生。FDA确定了关键的研究重点，包括：了解烟草产品的多样性，了解关于烟草产品的沟通，以及了解烟草产品的营销。FDA拓宽了烟草控制的传统重点，在其56项研究重点中的11项中呼吁“弱势群体”。每年有400多万人接受某种成瘾治疗。在这一脆弱、被剥夺公民权和受耻辱的人口中，许多人在我们的公共卫生部门接受卫生服务，吸烟率很高(67%-75%)，对以前的烟草控制努力坚定不移。由于这一人群中的人极有可能吸烟，他们对烟草营销的暴露程度很高，并可能尝试、使用和采用一些新兴的和可能修改的风险烟草产品。作为对PAR-12-267的回应，目前的申请将招募25个成瘾治疗项目的全国分层随机样本，其中患者将被招募到FDA的烟草研究中。患者将被招募到三次年度横断面访谈浪潮中(每波N=1000)，并将使用基于网络的计算机辅助策略，就传统和新兴烟草产品的使用、接触FDA的沟通和烟草营销、与一系列烟草产品相关的风险认知以及烟草使用行为进行访谈。该应用程序混合使用标准、调整和新的测量方法来检验假设，这些假设包括：随着时间的推移，任何烟草产品的使用量仍然很高；转基因风险烟草产品在这一人群中的使用随着时间的推移而增加；暴露于FDA的沟通和烟草营销与烟草风险认知水平不同；以及S在这一人群中减少或戒烟的努力与风险认知水平不同。因为这一人群是吸烟者集中的地方，也是FDA优先事项中确定的信息最需要但最不可用的地方。这项研究的短期目标是了解烟草产品的使用、营销、信息传递和与这些产品相关的感知，以及它们与成瘾治疗人群中烟草使用行为的关系。长期目标是支持监管活动，以减少这一弱势群体的烟草使用和烟草风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The 2009 Tobacco Control Act charged the FDA with regulating tobacco products in the service of public health. The FDA identified key research priorities, including: understanding the diversity of tobacco products, understanding communications about tobacco products, and understanding tobacco product marketing. Broadening the traditional focus of tobacco control, the FDA calls out "vulnerable populations" in 11 of its 56 research priorities. Over 4 million persons receive some type of addiction treatment annually. In this vulnerable, disenfranchised and stigmatized population, where many receive health services in our public health sector, smoking rates are high (67-75%) and unyielding to prior tobacco control efforts. Because persons in this population are highly likely to smoke, they have high exposure to tobacco marketing and are likely to try, use, and adopt some emerging and potentially modified risk tobacco products. In response to PAR-12-267, the current application will recruit a national stratified random sample of 25 addiction treatment programs, where patients will be recruited to FDA research on tobacco. Patients will be recruited in three annual cross-sectional interview waves (N=1,000 per wave) and, using web-based computer assisted strategies, will be interviewed concerning use of traditional and emerging tobacco products, exposure to FDA communication and tobacco marketing, risk perception related to a range of tobacco products, and tobacco use behavior. The application uses a mixture of measures that are standard, adapted and new measures to test hypotheses that use of any tobacco products remains high over time, that use of modified risk tobacco products increases in this population over time, that exposure to FDA communications and tobacco marketing are differentially associated with level of tobacco risk-perception, and that level of risk perception s differentially associated with efforts to reduce or quit tobacco use in this population. Because this population is where smokers are concentrated, it is also where information identified in FDA priorities is most needed, but least available. The short term goal of this research is to understand use of tobacco products, marketing, messaging, and perceptions associated with those products, and their relation to tobacco use behavior in addiction treatment populations. The long-term goal is to support regulatory activity to reduce tobacco use and tobacco risks in this vulnerable population.