Child Nutrition, Systemic Inflammation, and Cognitive Development in South Africa

南非的儿童营养、全身炎症和认知发展

• 批准号: 9808561
• 负责人: Peter Rockers
• 金额: $ 8.57万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-09 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9808561
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Animal Model; Behavioral Assay; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood specimen; Brain; C-reactive protein; Cerebrum; Child; Child Health; Child Nutrition; Childhood; Cognition; Cognitive deficits; Collection; Complex; Data; Data Set; Defect; Demyelinations; Development; Developmental Process; Early Intervention; Electroencephalogram; Energy Intake; Enrollment; Exhibits; Eye; Future; High Frequency Oscillation; Human; Immune system; Impairment; Inflammation; Interleukin-1 beta; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Language; Length; Life; Low Birth Weight Infant; Malnutrition; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Micronutrients; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Parents; Pathway interactions; Plant Roots; Population; Poverty; Predictive Value; Prospective Studies; Prospective cohort study; Reaction Time; Research; Rural; South Africa; South African; Systems Development; TNF gene; Technology; Testing; Visit; Walkers; Whole Blood; behavior measurement; chronic infection; cognitive development; cognitive performance; cohort; cytokine; design; early childhood; early life adversity; early life exposure; effective intervention; fetal; indexing; low and middle-income countries; mouse model; neurodevelopment; neuroinflammation; novel; nutrition; processing speed; visual processing; white matter

Project Summary Millions of children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) struggle to reach their developmental potential. Early life exposures that are common in high-poverty settings, including undernutrition and chronic infection, contribute to cognitive deficits that have persistent effects into adulthood. The biological pathways that underlie the relationships between nutrition, inflammation, and cognitive development are complex and not entirely understood, in part due to measurement challenges in LMICs, where most undernutrition occurs. Characterizing these pathways is critical to inform the design of early interventions to promote global child health and cognitive development. This study will combine a novel dataset from an ongoing prospective cohort study in South Africa with collection of new data to examine the relationship of systemic inflammation with undernutrition and cognitive development. Whole blood samples to assess biomarkers of systemic inflammation will be collected during a lab visit already planned for the parent study. The study has two aims: 1) to examine the association of biomarkers of systemic inflammation (IL-1β, IL-6, and C-reactive protein) at 24 months of age with indicators of undernutrition, including low birthweight and repeated measures of stunting at 7 months, 15 months, and 24 months of age; and 2) to examine the relationship between biomarkers of systemic inflammation and two objective measures of cognitive development—EEG gamma power and saccadic reaction time—at 24 months of age. This study is significant because our results will strengthen understanding of the biological pathways affecting cognitive development in LMICs like South Africa. A growing body of evidence suggests that the negative impact of early adversity can be mitigated through appropriate early-life interventions. However, limitations in our current understanding of the root causes of deficits in cognitive development in LMICs are a barrier to developing more effective interventions. The new evidence this study generates will inform the future design of more effective interventions.

项目摘要 低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的数百万儿童正在努力实现他们的发展目标。 潜力在高度贫困环境中常见的早期生活暴露，包括营养不良和慢性 感染，导致认知缺陷，并持续影响到成年期。生物学途径 营养、炎症和认知发展之间关系的基础是复杂的， 这是完全理解的，部分原因是在营养不良最严重的中低收入国家的计量挑战。 描述这些途径对于设计早期干预措施以促进全球儿童 健康和认知发展。 这项研究将联合收割机与南非正在进行的前瞻性队列研究的新数据集相结合， 收集新的数据，以检查全身性炎症与营养不良和认知能力的关系。 发展将在评估全身性炎症的生物标志物期间采集全血样本。 母研究已计划进行实验室访视。本研究有两个目的：（1）研究 24月龄时全身性炎症的生物标志物（IL-1β、IL-6和C反应蛋白）， 营养不良，包括低出生体重和在7个月、15个月和24个月时反复测量发育迟缓 月龄;以及2）检查全身性炎症的生物标志物与两种 24个月时认知发育的客观指标-EEG伽马功率和扫视反应时间 年龄。 这项研究是重要的，因为我们的结果将加强对生物学途径的理解， 认知能力的发展。越来越多的证据表明， 早期逆境的影响可以通过适当的早期干预来减轻。然而， 我们目前对中低收入国家认知发展缺陷根源的理解， 制定更有效的干预措施。这项研究产生的新证据将为未来的设计提供信息。 更有效的干预。