Functional and Mechanistic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome to Ameliorate Ischemic Damage of Rodent Hearts in situ and Human Myocardium-on-a-Chip

间充质干细胞分泌组改善啮齿动物原位心脏和人心肌芯片缺血损伤的功能和机制分析

• 批准号: 9352535
• 负责人: KEITH LEONARD MARCH
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: RLR VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9352535
• 关键词: ARNTL gene; Accounting; Acute; Adipose tissue; Adult; Aftercare; Apoptosis; Biogenesis; Biological Preservation; Blood Circulation; Blood flow; Cardiac; Cardiac Myocytes; Cells; Cessation of life; Circadian Rhythms; Conditioned Culture Media; Cultured Cells; Data; Dependence; Deterioration; Dimensions; Disease; Dose; Endothelial Cells; Excision; Fingerprint; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic Transcription; Geographic Locations; Geography; Growth Factor; Heart; Heart Transplantation; Heart failure; Human; Hypoxia; In Situ; In Vitro; Individual; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Infusion procedures; Injury; Ischemia; Lead; Life; Mediating; Mesenchymal; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Mitochondria; Modality; Modeling; Molecular; Mus; Myocardial; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Organ; Organ Donor; Organ Model; Organ Procurements; Pathologic; Patients; Pattern; Perfusion; Permeability; Preparation; Prevention; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Reperfusion Injury; Reperfusion Therapy; Reporting; Rodent; Role; Savings; Site; Source; Stem cells; Stromal Cells; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Transplantation; Transportation; Veterans; angiogenesis; cellular targeting; circadian pacemaker; curative treatments; exosome; experimental study; graft function; heart allograft; heart function; heart preservation; improved; induced pluripotent stem cell; insight; loss of function; novel; overexpression; paracrine; protective effect; stem; transcriptome; transcriptome sequencing; treatment effect

Use of heart transplantation is limited by severe shortage in donor organ supply, resulting in death of many heart transplantation candidates before a suitable donor heart becomes available.1, 2 In addition to the scarcity of total donor hearts, national transplant data collected by the Association of Organ Procurement Organizations indicates that nationwide approximately 70% of cardiac allografts were rejected for transplantation during 2009–2011. The majority of these hearts were discarded due to stringent acceptance criteria, one of which is the limited acceptable time between procurement and transplantation. This time correlates with progression of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and constrains the acceptable geographic distance between the sites of donor heart explantation and transplantation. Overall, there is an urgent need to develop effective approaches to increase transplantable grafts by improving the numbers of organs which will fulfill acceptance criteria. Amelioration of I/R injury despite prolonged transport times and in organs felt to be potentially marginal will improve preservation of graft function, thus expanding the donor pool and increasing access. Human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (hASC) represent a uniquely practical subtype of MSC, due to their abundance, the simplicity of isolation from adipose tissue and their rapid in vitro expansion capacity. We3 and others4 have shown that hASC produce paracrine factors that provide therapeutically beneficial effects in multiple pathological conditions. In the context of myocardial infarction, we have shown that hASC preserve myocardial function, inhibit apoptosis, and stimulate angiogenesis primarily through ASC-secreted factors.5 Moreover, we previously reported that pre-treatment of explanted hearts with hASC improved myocardial functional recovery following acute I/R injury in an ex-vivo heart perfusion system.6 Our preliminary data indicates that pre-ischemic infusion of ASC-derived paracrine factors also improves myocardial function during recovery from cold ischemia, with significant preservation of a normal molecular pattern “fingerprint” of the myocardial transcriptome, as defined by deep RNA sequencing. These RNASeq experiments specifically indicate that cold ischemia leads to prominent disruption of a set of genes (Arnt/Bmal, Esrra, Per2, Per3, Cry2) governing the circadian clock within the myocardium, which in turn prompts a coordinated increase in transcription directing mitochondrial biogenesis; and that these disruptions are specifically counteracted by hASC factors. Accordingly, we propose the hypothesis that infusion of hASC-derived factors into the cardiac circulation will ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion-induced functional deterioration of model donor hearts ex vivo as well as of human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes in vitro, by mechanisms mediated by soluble growth factors as well as exosomes, which limit damage to cardiomyocytes by preserving a normal pattern of circadian gene expression and mitigating the induction of deleterious mitochondrial biogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we will employ three specific aims: Aim 1. Evaluate the protective effect of extracorporeal infusion of human adipose stem cell conditioned medium (ASC-CM), fractions, on normal mouse donor heart preservation during cold static storage. Aim 2. Identify the specific cellular targets protected by ASC-CM as well as its exosomal and extra- exosomal fractions, using human iPS-derived human cardiomyocytes (iCM), iPS-derived endothelial cells (iEC) cultured individually as well as together using a three-dimensional human “myocardium-on- a-chip” (MOC) model organ. Aim 3. Determine the relative roles of selected molecular components of the exosomal and extra- exosomal fractions of ASC-CM in protecting the human iEC and iCM in the MOC organ construct.

由于供体器官供应严重短缺，心脏移植的使用受到限制，导致许多人死亡