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Determinants of Cross Modal Plasticity in Children with Cochlear Implants

人工耳蜗植入儿童跨模态可塑性的决定因素

基本信息

批准号：
9317470
负责人：
DAVID P CORINA
金额：
$ 41.89万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-01 至 2020-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9317470
关键词：
Acoustic Nerve Adult Age Animal Model Auditory Auditory Evoked Potentials Auditory area Auditory system Behavior Brain Bypass Child Childhood Cochlear Implants Cognitive Communication Complex Data Analyses Development Devices Electric Stimulation Electrophysiology (science)Ensure Evoked Potentials Frequencies Goals Growth Hearing Hearing Impaired Persons Individual Informal Social Control Intervention Knowledge Language Language Delays Language Development Left Life Linguistics Modality Oral Outcome Performance Peripheral Physiological Population Prevalence Property Reading Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Sampling Short-Term Memory Sign Language Speech Temporal Lobe Testing Time Variant Vision Visual Visual evoked cortical potential Visual system structure auditory processing behavior measurement behavior test clinical practice congenital deafness deafness experience hearing impairment innovation interest language processing longitudinal design parvocellular psychologic public health relevance response sensory system sound speech processing standardize measure success visual processing

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Congenital deafness leads to significant language delays in children acquiring spoken language. Cascading effects of impoverished linguistic knowledge impact a wide range of psychological and cognitive behaviors including self-regulation, working memory, and reading. Cochlear implants (CIs) are a popular treatment option for deaf children. These devices deliver electrical stimulation to the auditory nerve, bypassing malfunctioning peripheral auditory mechanisms. Deaf children who receive cochlear implants early in life and engage in intensive oral/aural therapy often make great strides in spoken language acquisition. However, despite clinicians' best efforts, even under optimal conditions, there is a great deal of variability in language outcomes. The interplay of factors contributing to this lack of success is poorly understood. One mounting concern is that under conditions of deafness, the auditory system may be subject to maladaptive cross-modal plasticity (CMP). In cross-modal plasticity the processing demands of an intact sensory system, such as vision, may recruit nascent auditory cortex making it less available for speech processing. Animal models of deafness have shown evidence of functionally significant cross-modal plasticity with enhancements in visual processing tied to auditory cortical activation. Studies of deaf signing adults have also reported evidence of cross-modal plasticity including visual responsiveness within primary auditory cortex. The specialization of left-hemisphere auditory regions for visual sign language processing attests to the malleability of temporal lobe cortical networks. However, there are significant gaps in our knowledge. The conditions that precipitate CMP and the developmental time course of CMP are not known. There is an urgent need for studies that simultaneously assess auditory and visual processing in deaf children with cochlear implants during the formative stages of language development. Nor is it known how communication modality (signed or speech) impacts cross-modal plasticity. We use electrophysiology to obtain auditory and visual evoked potentials and assess functional integrity and development of the auditory cortex and the presence of cross modal changes in prelingually deaf children who have received cochlear implant. Using innovative behavioral testing and standardized measures of language function we will assess the impact of spoken and signed language experience in the expression of cross-modal plasticity. The proposed studies will advance our understanding of the determinants of CMP and its relation to language use. The findings will have a significant impact on clinical practices for deaf children.