Preventing Suicide in African American Adolescents

摘要 这项拨款申请的目的是测试一个文化适应，学校的有效性- 基于自杀预防干预，由土著拉什大学社会工作者提供 (i.e.,“干预社会工作者”），为低资源，城市，非洲裔美国人9年级 学生非裔美国青年的自杀率在2010年大幅上升 过去20年来，自杀是非洲人死亡的主要原因之一。 美国青少年因此，需要进行有效、可持续的预防 对这些人群进行干预。我们的研究将培训干预社会工作者， 文化适应，以证据为基础的应对压力预防干预（即，的 青少年应付压力课程。城市非洲裔美国青少年， 参加A-CWS的人证明自杀风险降低， 焦虑的减少和适应性应对的几个维度的增加（即，使用 积极应对策略的问题经验，积极思考，抑郁应对自我， 功效）。我们的目标是证明土著干预社会工作者可以实施 A-CWS与忠诚，参与者在干预小组促进土著 干预社会工作者的经验增加适应性应对的水平。我们将研究 人际因素（即，挫折感，感觉到的负担） 和社会生态因素（即，社区暴力曝光，有限的邻里 资源，家庭动态）影响主动自杀意念。我们将测试这些因素是否 影响非裔美国青少年主动自杀意念。最后，我们将研究 A-CWS干预降低低资源城市居民自杀风险的机制 非裔美国青少年我们将研究适应性应对技能的能力， 通过参与A-CWS干预，增加希望，减少绝望。我们 然后，我们将研究希望和绝望对人的影响的调节作用。 人际和社会生态因素对主动自杀意念的影响。这项翻译研究 对公众健康有影响它将扩大对变化机制的理解 与城市非裔美国青少年自杀风险降低有关。它将测试一个修改后的 自杀的人际关系理论的版本为城市非洲裔美国青少年。最后， 我们的研究将为土著精神卫生专业人员的培训和监测提供信息， 为城市非洲裔美国青少年提供基于证据的预防干预措施; 因此，我们的研究将为预防干预的可持续性提供信息， 传播。

Abstract The aim of this grant application is to test the effectiveness of a culturally-adapted, school- based suicide prevention intervention, delivered by indigenous Rush University social workers (i.e., “intervention social workers”), for low-resourced, urban, African American 9th grade students. Rates of suicide among African American youth have increased substantially in the past 20 years, and suicide is currently one of the leading causes of death among African American adolescents. As such, there is a need for effective, sustainable prevention interventions for these populations. Our study will train intervention social workers to deliver a culturally-adapted, evidence-based coping with stress prevention intervention (i.e., the Adolescent Coping with Stress Course [A-CWS]). Urban African American adolescents who have participated in the A-CWS have demonstrated decreases in suicide risk, as well as decreases in anxiety and increases in several dimensions of adaptive coping (i.e., use of positive coping strategies for problem experiences, positive thinking, depression coping self- efficacy). We aim to demonstrate that indigenous intervention social workers can implement the A-CWS with fidelity and that participants in intervention groups facilitated by indigenous intervention social workers experience increases in levels of adaptive coping. We will examine the extent that interpersonal factors (i.e., thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness) and socio-ecological factors (i.e., community violence exposure, limited neighborhood resources, family dynamics) influence active suicidal ideation. We will test whether these factors influence active suicidal ideation in African American adolescents. Lastly, our study will examine the mechanism by which the A-CWS intervention reduces suicide risk for low-resourced, urban African American adolescents. We will examine the ability of adaptive coping skills, gained through participation in the A-CWS intervention, increase hope and reduce hopelessness. We will then examine the moderating effects of hope and hopelessness on the influence of interpersonal and socio-ecological factors on active suicidal ideation. This translational study has public health implications. It will expand the understanding of mechanisms of change related to suicide risk reduction in urban African American adolescents. It will test a modified version of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide for urban African American adolescents. Lastly, our study will inform the training and monitoring of indigenous mental health professionals to deliver evidence-based prevention interventions for urban African American adolescents; as such, our study will inform the practice of prevention intervention sustainability and dissemination.