Developing and testing a mobile health intervention to promote sun protection behaviors and skin examination among Hispanics

开发和测试移动健康干预措施，以促进西班牙裔人的防晒行为和皮肤检查

• 批准号: 10448568
• 负责人: Zhaomeng Niu
• 金额: $ 12.6万
• 依托单位: RBHS -CANCER INSTITUTE OF NEW JERSEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10448568
• 关键词: Acculturation; Address; Adolescent; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Benefits and Risks; Cancer Intervention; Cellular Phone; Child; Communities; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Early Diagnosis; Ethnic group; Focus Groups; Foundations; Funding; Future; Genomics; Grant; Health; Health Personnel; Health behavior; Hispanic; Hispanic Populations; Incidence; Individual; Industry; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Interview; Malignant Neoplasms; Mentors; Multimedia; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupational; Occupational Exposure; Occupations; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Persons; Phase; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Pre-Post Tests; Preparation; Preventive; Process; Protocols documentation; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Sampling; Self-Examination; Services; Skin; Skin Cancer; Suggestion; Sum; Sunscreening Agents; Surveys; Survival Rate; Symptoms; Technology; Testing; Thick; Time; Training; Treatment Efficacy; UV Radiation Exposure; Ultraviolet Rays; Underserved Population; United States; Woman; acceptability and feasibility; anticancer research; arm; base; career; cost; cost effective; digital; digital intervention; efficacy evaluation; evidence base; experience; follow-up; health disparity; hispanic community; improved; improved outcome; industry involvement; innovation; intervention effect; mHealth; melanoma; member; mortality; nutrition; patient engagement; pilot test; post intervention; prevent; programs; public health intervention; racial and ethnic; retention rate; satisfaction; scale up; skin cancer prevention; social culture; sun protection; sun safety; theories; therapy development; tumor; web-based intervention

ABSTRACT Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States (US). Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. In the past two decades, melanoma incidence among Hispanics has risen by 20%. The mortality rate of Hispanics is higher compared to Non-Hispanic whites (NHW). In general, compared to NHW, Hispanics diagnosed with melanoma are younger, have thicker tumors, and have worse survival rates. Skin cancer can be prevented with regular sun protection, and early detection can improve skin cancer outcomes. The Hispanic population is the fastest growing ethnic group in the US. Alarmingly, Hispanics are less aware of the symptoms and harms of skin cancers, tend to have misperceptions regarding the risks and benefits of skin cancer prevention behaviors, engage in less sun protection behaviors than NHW, and only 18% of them reported ever having done a skin self-examination. In addition, due to the increase of acculturation of Hispanics in the US, their sun-safety behaviors are poorer than non-US Hispanics. Occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a risk factor for skin cancer, and Hispanic individuals are over-represented in a number of outdoor occupations. Approximately 21% of the 2018 US Hispanic workforce were employed in industries that involved significant amounts of occupational UVR exposure such as construction. Therefore, an increasing effort to raise awareness regarding sun protection and skin self-examination behaviors is needed to address the existing gap of skin cancer research among Hispanics. This research project seeks to develop a mobile-based and user-centered intervention to promote sun protection and skin self-examination among a diverse sample of Hispanics using an iterative approach to capture relevant contextual issues and evaluate the preliminary effects of the intervention. During the K99 phase, I will: 1) collect, analyze, and triangulate data from the Hispanic community and other stakeholders (e.g., health care providers and community leaders) for skin cancer digital intervention development; and 2) through a user- centered approach, develop an innovative WhatsApp intervention to promote skin cancer-related health behaviors among Hispanics to improve participants’ engagement in the intervention. During the R00 phase, I will: 3) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of this mobile intervention in a pre-, post-test study among Hispanics at risk for skin cancer; and 4) refine the intervention and conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial using this mobile service among Hispanics at risk for skin cancers and assess the preliminary effects of the mobile intervention at post-intervention and 6-month follow-up. The intervention has strong potential for cost- effective, widespread dissemination and targets an understudied group at-risk for future cancer development. The training experiences and mentoring obtained during this K99/R00 project are critical foundations for a successful independent cancer research career.

抽象的 皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症（美国）。黑色素瘤是皮肤癌最致命的形式。 在过去的二十年中，西班牙裔中黑色素瘤的事件增长了20％。西班牙裔的死亡率 与非西班牙裔白人（NHW）相比，要高。通常，与NHW相比，西班牙裔诊断 黑色素瘤年轻，肿瘤较厚，存活率较差。可以防止皮肤癌 定期保护和早期检测可以改善皮肤癌的预后。 西班牙裔人口是美国增长最快的族裔。令人震惊的是，西班牙裔不知道 皮肤癌的症状和伤害，往往会对皮肤的风险和益处造成误解 癌症预防行为，比NHW更少的防晒行为，其中只有18％的报告 曾经做过皮肤自我检查。此外，由于美国西班牙裔培养的增加， 他们的太阳安全行为比非美国西班牙裔贫穷。职业暴露于紫外线辐射 （UVR）是皮肤癌的危险因素，西班牙裔人在许多户外活动中都有代表性过多 职业。 2018年美国西班牙裔劳动力中，约有21％受雇于涉及的行业 大量的占用UVR暴露，例如建筑。因此，越来越多的努力 需要了解防晒和皮肤自我检查行为以解决现有差距 西班牙裔在皮肤癌研究。 该研究项目旨在开发基于移动和用户以用户为中心的干预措施来促进太阳 使用迭代方法捕获的潜水员样本中的保护和皮肤自我检查 相关的上下文问题并评估干预的初步影响。在K99阶段，我将： 1）从西班牙裔社区和其他利益相关者那里收集，分析和三角数据（例如医疗保健 提供者和社区领导者）皮肤癌数字干预开发； 2）通过用户 - 中心方法，开发创新的WhatsApp干预措施以促进与皮肤癌相关的健康 西班牙裔的行为，以改善参与者参与干预措施。在R00阶段，我 意志：3）在测试前研究中评估这种移动干预的可行性和可接受性 西班牙裔风险患皮肤癌； 4）完善干预措施并进行飞行员随机对照试验 在西班牙裔风险中使用这种移动服务，并评估 干预后的移动干预和6个月的随访。干预具有强大的成本潜力 - 有效的，宽度的传播，并针对一个知识的人群以进行未来的癌症发展。 在此K99/R00项目中获得的培训经验和心理是一个关键的基础 成功的独立癌症研究职业。