Hip Muscle Power, Lateral Balance Function, and Falls in Aging

臀部肌肉力量、横向平衡功能和衰老衰退

• 批准号: 10414111
• 负责人: Vicki L. Gray
• 金额: $ 55.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10414111
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Biomechanics; Body Weight; Caring; Data; Development; Economics; Elderly; Equilibrium; Fall prevention; Future; Generations; Goals; Health care facility; Hip Joint; Hip region structure; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention Trial; Lateral; Leg; Life; Limb structure; Link; Mechanics; Medical; Movement; Muscle; Muscle Contraction; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Posture; Production; Public Health; Reaction Time; Research; Resistance; Side; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Torque; Training; Weight; Weight-Bearing state; age related; comparative; fall risk; falls; foot; improved; neuromuscular; prevent; primary outcome; prospective; response; strength training; therapeutically effective; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Falls and their consequences are among the major problems in the medical care of older individuals. The long-term goal of this research is to a mechanistically derived therapeutic intervention to enhance muscle power, weight-shifting capability, and lateral balance to prevent falls. When human balance is challenged, protective stepping is a vital strategy for preventing a fall during activities of daily life. Many older people at risk for falls have particular difficulties with successfully stepping sideways as a protective response to loss of balance in the lateral direction. We propose that age-related declines in lateral balance function through impaired weight transfer and protective stepping linked with falls, result from neuromuscular and biomechanical limitations in hip abductor-adductor (AB-AD) muscle power generation. Moreover, we hypothesize that these functional and neuromotor impairments can be improved with high velocity muscle resistance power training. The specigic aims are: Aim 1. To determine the age-associated changes in neuromuscular and biomechanical performance of the hip joint AB-AD musculature by evaluating the isolated maximum torque and power production and neuromuscular activation patterns. Aim 2. To determine the aging changes in neuromotor performance of the hip AB-AD musculature during the pre-step weight transfer phase of waist-pull induced side stepping and voluntary reaction time stepping. Aim 3. To establish a first line of evidence showing that hypothesized aging deficits in sidestepping caused by neuromotor impairments in hip AB-AD muscle power production may be reversible, we will determine the effects of velocity dependent muscle resistance power training (3 x/week x 10 weeks) compared with strength training on neuromuscular, biomechanical, and functional performance outcomes. Overall, the studies will identify age-related neuromotor mechanisms of abnormal hip AB-AD muscle power production that impair lateral weight transfer, balance stability, and mobility function. Establishing a first line of support for the superiority of velocity dependent power training over strength training on muscle performance and protective balance and functional mobility outcomes, will lead to a future comparative intervention trial to enhance these functions and prevent falls in older adults.

项目总结/摘要 福尔斯及其后果是老年人医疗保健中的主要问题之一。 这项研究的长期目标是一个机械衍生的治疗干预，以提高肌肉 动力、重量转移能力和防止福尔斯跌倒的横向平衡。当人类的平衡受到挑战时， 保护性踩踏是防止日常生活活动中跌倒的重要策略。许多老年人面临风险 对于福尔斯来说，成功地侧身行走作为对失去 横向平衡。我们认为，与年龄相关的横向平衡功能下降， 与福尔斯相关的重量转移和保护性踏步受损，由神经肌肉和生物力学引起 髋外展-内收肌（AB-AD）肌肉发电的局限性。此外，我们假设这些 功能和神经运动损伤可以通过高速肌肉阻力力量训练来改善。 具体目标是：目标1。确定与年龄相关的神经肌肉和生物力学变化 通过评估孤立的最大扭矩和功率来评估髋关节AB-AD肌肉系统的性能 生产和神经肌肉激活模式。目标2.确定神经运动的增龄变化， 腰拉诱导侧踏前重量转移阶段髋关节AB-AD肌群的表现 步进和自主反应时步进。目标3。建立第一条证据， 髋关节AB-AD肌力神经运动损伤引起的回避功能的假设老化缺陷 生产可能是可逆的，我们将确定速度依赖性肌肉阻力的影响， 训练（3 x/周x 10周）与力量训练相比， 功能性能结果。总的来说，这些研究将确定与年龄相关的神经运动机制， 髋关节AB-AD肌力产生异常，损害侧向重量转移、平衡稳定性和活动性 功能建立第一条支持线，以证明速度依赖性力量训练优于 力量训练对肌肉性能和保护性平衡和功能性移动的结果，将导致一个 未来的比较干预试验，以加强这些功能，防止老年人福尔斯。