Development of abuse liability-based tobacco tax proposals: Experimental impact on tobacco-related socioeconomic cancer health disparities

项目总结/摘要 近30%的癌症死亡归因于烟草使用。烟草税积极影响了 烟草使用的流行率以及随后与烟草有关的癌症的发病率。的目的 该项目旨在通过制定和测试一项新的综合税收提案，为烟草控制提供重要见解 基于烟草和尼古丁产品在独特的实验烟草市场中的滥用倾向， (ETM)，包括该提案如何与烟草相关的社会经济癌症差异相互作用。的ETM 是一个实验模型，在实施前预测潜在的公共卫生政策对 烟草购买模式，包括产品间替代。ETM将产品的组合， 价格，以及实验控制下的具体规定，以提供条件下的政策影响估计 模拟“真实世界”的环境。为了实现这些目标，提出了三个目标。目标1将发展 通过系统性审查对商业烟草和尼古丁产品进行综合滥用责任排名 以及网络元分析的新应用。目标2是一项概念验证研究，将检查 基于烟草制品滥用责任的不同税收策略， 吸烟者。目标3将审查最有效的滥用责任依赖税收战略的公平性， 在全国代表性的低、中、高社会经济水平的前瞻性样本中测试其影响。 吸烟者身份这些目标支持候选人成为独立研究人员的长期目标 调查烟草政策对以下人群开始吸烟、吸烟和戒烟的不同影响： 经历与烟草有关的癌症差异。为了进一步支持这一目标， 提出，包括在先进的统计方法，包括网络荟萃分析领域的培训， 烟草产品滥用责任、政府税收政策和与烟草有关的癌症差异。建议， 候选人的指导团队、合作者和顾问提供的指导和技术专长，以及 弗吉尼亚理工大学的支持性研究环境将为成功地 完成研究和培训计划。重要的是，这个K 01奖项将提供培训，指导， 研究经验需要一个高度竞争的R 01应用程序，以比较滥用责任依赖 其他现有的税收政策。同样重要的是，这项建议将为启动 一个独立的癌症相关研究项目，专注于开发和测试新的政策， 消除烟草使用及其无与伦比的危害。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Nearly 30% of all cancer deaths are attributable to tobacco use. Tobacco taxes have positively impacted the prevalence of tobacco use and subsequently the incidence of tobacco-related cancers. The objective of this project is to provide critical insight for tobacco control, by developing and testing a novel integrated tax proposal based on the abuse liability of tobacco and nicotine products in the unique Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), including how this proposal may interact with tobacco-related socioeconomic cancer disparities. The ETM is an experimental model to forecast, before implementation, the effects of potential public health policies on patterns of tobacco purchasing, including between-product substitution. The ETM places the mix of products, prices, and specific regulations under experimental control to provide estimates of policy impact under conditions that simulate “real-world” circumstances. To achieve these goals, three aims are proposed. Aim 1 will develop an integrated abuse liability ranking of commercial tobacco and nicotine products through a systematic review and a novel application of network meta-analysis. Aim 2 is a proof-of-concept study that will examine the impact of different tax strategies based on the abuse liability of tobacco products in a laboratory-based sample of cigarette smokers. Aim 3 will examine the equity of the most effective abuse liability dependent tax strategy by testing its effects in a nationally representative prospective sample of lower, medium and higher socioeconomic status smokers. These aims support the candidate’s long-term goal to become an independent researcher investigating the differential impact of policies on tobacco initiation, use and cessation among individuals who experience tobacco-related cancer disparities. To further support this goal, a mentored career development plan is proposed, consisting of training in the fields of advanced statistical methods including network meta-analysis, tobacco products abuse liability, government tax policies, and tobacco-related cancer disparities. The advice, guidance and technical expertise provided by the candidate’s mentoring team, collaborators and consultant, and the Virginia Tech’s supportive research environment will provide the resources necessary to successfully complete the research and training plans. Importantly, this K01 award will provide the training, mentoring, and research experiences needed for a highly competitive R01 application to compare the abuse liability dependent taxes to other existing tax proposals. As importantly, this proposal will provide the essential first step in launching an independent cancer-related research program focusing on developing and testing novel policies for the elimination of tobacco use and its unequaled harms.