A versatile lens architecture to shape visible light

用于塑造可见光的多功能镜头架构

• 批准号: 10652885
• 负责人: DONALD K ROPER
• 金额: $ 42.92万
• 依托单位: UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10652885
• 关键词: Age; Alzheimer' s Disease; Architecture; Area; Automobile Driving; Aviation; Biomedical Research; Classification; Collaborations; Color; Color Perception; Color Visions; Contact Lenses; Cornea; Cues; Custom; Deposition; Depth Perception; Deterioration; Devices; Disadvantaged; Disease; Dyes; Electron Microscopy; Elements; Emotions; Engineering; Environment; Evaluation; Exhibits; Eye; Fishes; Future; Geometry; Glaucoma; Health; Individual; Inherited; Injections; Lead; Light; Macular degeneration; Measurement; Mentors; Methods; Military Personnel; Minor; Molds; Mormyridae; Motion Perception; Nature; Optics; Outcome; Parkinson Disease; Perception; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Preparation; Procedures; Publications; Quality of life; Red-Green Color Blindness; Research; Retina; Severities; Shapes; Side; Specific qualifier value; Spectrum Analysis; Surface; Testing; Variant; Visible Radiation; Vision Disorders; Work; career; design; design,build,test; fabrication; food preparation; improved; lens; manufacture; monocular; nanometer; nanoparticle; notch protein; novel; outcome disparities; polydimethylsiloxane; recruit; retinal rods; self assembly; simulation; submicron; transmission process; undergraduate student

PROJECT SUMMARY This proposal aims to demonstrate a versatile lens architecture to shape light incident on the cornea in order to remedy deuteranomaly, with potential for other vision disorders. Twelve million people in the U.S. are deficient in their ability to discern color differences. This negatively impacts their quality of life for health, emotions, and especially careers. They often have difficulty preparing food, driving, or taking medications. They may be disadvantaged or restricted from certain work in military, aviation, or engineering. While typically inherited, color vision deficiency (CVD) frequently accompanies glaucoma, macular degeneration, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and other diseases. Color vision deteriorates markedly with age. There are wide variations in classification of CVD and its severity. So, outcomes from accommodation by standard tinted lenses vary considerably. Many such lenses are bandpass filters. They reduce light incident on the retina across a broad spectral region on either side of the anomaly. This distorts the wearer’s perception of contrast, hue, and intensity. Benefits of monocular bandpass filters are offset by alterations in depth and motion perception. In contrast, an ideal notch filter eliminates transmission across just tens of nanometers (nm) of visible light. This separates peak sensitivities of red and green photopigments which overlap excessively in deuteranomaly. Attempts, however, to make notch filters from dye- or nanoparticle-doped lenses still produce broad reductions in transmission around the target wavelength. This wavelength is approximately 560 nm for red-green color blindness. So, doped filters alter perceived hue, saturation, and brightness relative to normal. Nature offers clues to high-acuity, red-green color vision in the eyes of the elephantnose fish (Gnathonemus petersii). Multilayers of submicron-sized crystal lamellae reflect incident light away from rod photoreceptors. Reflection is wavelength- specific due to submicron spacing between adjacent lamellae. We hypothesize that submicron-spaced optical nodes at the convex surface of a lens can be customized to sharply reduce transmission at a wavelength near 560 nanometers Doing so could improve red-green perception based on the anomaloscopic examination of each person. This proposal would use the PI’s rapid bridging simulations to identify composition, geometry, and spatial arrangement of optical nodes required to improve color perception based on chromaticity. Specified nodes would be synthesized and self-assembled into a template stamped with regularly-spaced cavities with few missing nodes. This uses a method recently demonstrated by the PI. This protolens would be located at the convex surface of a contact lens to integrate into existing contact lens manufacture. Microspectroscopy of the lens-integrated protolens would quantify improvement in color perception. This AREA proposal will recruit 8 diverse undergraduates to collaborate with experts in devices, optoelectronics, simulation, and soft materials to conduct biomedical research that strengthens the research environment at USU and prepares them to lead independent research in future eye health through mentoring, publication, and proposal preparation.

项目概要 该提案旨在展示一种多功能晶状体架构，可以塑造入射到角膜上的光线，从而补救 弱视，有可能导致其他视力障碍。美国有 1200 万人缺乏能力 辨别颜色差异。这会对他们的健康、情感、尤其是职业的生活质量产生负面影响。他们 经常难以准备食物、驾驶或服用药物。他们可能处于不利地位或在某些方面受到限制 在军事、航空或工程领域工作。虽然色觉缺陷（CVD）通常是遗传性的，但通常伴随着 青光眼、黄斑变性、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和其他疾病。色觉恶化 随着年龄的增长明显。 CVD 的分类及其严重程度存在很大差异。因此，按标准调整住宿的结果 镜头差异很大。许多此类透镜都是带通滤光片。它们减少了入射到视网膜上的光 异常两侧的光谱区域。这会扭曲佩戴者对对比度、色调和强度的感知。好处 单目带通滤波器的变化会因深度和运动感知的变化而被抵消。相反，理想的陷波滤波器 消除了仅数十纳米 (nm) 的可见光传输。这将红色和红色的峰值灵敏度分开 绿色感光色素在绿色异常中过度重叠。然而，尝试用染料或 纳米粒子掺杂透镜仍然会在目标波长附近产生广泛的透射率降低。该波长为 红绿色盲的波长约为 560 nm。因此，掺杂滤光片会改变相对的感知色调、饱和度和亮度 至正常。 大自然为象鼻鱼（Gnathonemus petersii）眼睛的高敏锐度红绿色视觉提供了线索。 多层亚微米级晶体片将入射光反射远离杆状光感受器。反射是 由于相邻薄片之间的亚微米间距而具有波长特异性。我们假设亚微米间隔光学 可以定制透镜凸面的节点，以大幅降低 560 纳米附近波长的透射率 这样做可以根据每个人的异常镜检查来改善红绿色感知。该提案将 使用 PI 的快速桥接模拟来确定所需光学节点的组成、几何形状和空间排列 改善基于色度的色彩感知。指定的节点将被合成并自组装成 模板上刻有规则间隔的空腔，几乎没有缺失的节点。这使用了最近演示的一种方法 PI。该原型透镜将位于隐形眼镜的凸面，以集成到现有的隐形眼镜制造中。 集成透镜的原型透镜的显微光谱学将量化颜色感知的改善。 该 AREA 提案将招募 8 名不同的本科生，与设备、光电、 模拟和软材料进行生物医学研究，加强 USU 的研究环境并为 他们通过指导、出版和提案准备来领导未来眼健康的独立研究。