COG NCTN Network Group Operations Center - Year 9 Supplement

项目总结 自60多年前引入化疗治疗儿童白血病以来， 儿童癌症的预后有了显著的改善。儿童癌症的总体5年存活率， 其中许多在化疗前时代都是致命的，现在是84%。几个童年的进步 然而，癌症是有限的，大约50%的儿童急性髓系白血病，50% 患有高危神经母细胞瘤的儿童和90%以上的脑干胶质瘤儿童仍在死亡 对他们的疾病。在美国，癌症仍然是儿童疾病死亡的主要原因 年龄。此外，癌症治疗的后遗症，包括永久性器官和组织损伤， 荷尔蒙和生殖功能障碍以及第二种癌症尤其令人担忧，40%以上的 500,000儿童癌症幸存者(截至2020年估计)经历了与健康相关的重大质量 儿童癌症的生活并发症及其治疗。因此，尽管我们取得了进展，但新的 治疗方法必须是儿童癌症基础、翻译和临床研究人员的优先事项。这个 儿童肿瘤学组织(COG)，世界上最大的组织，专门致力于儿童和 青少年癌症研究，成立于20年前。中国奥组委的多学科研究团队，包括 超过9,000名成员，在220多家领先的儿童医院、大学和 癌症中心。这项建议是针对COG的，作为国家癌症研究所(NCI)国家临床试验的一部分 网络(NCTN)，继续其协作研究工作，支持改进成果的使命 适用于所有患有癌症的儿童。COG将为癌症儿童设计和进行临床翻译研究 这是建立在对儿科恶性肿瘤分子基础的日益了解的基础上的，并具有最高 改善结果的潜力。使用适用于罕见疾病研究的创新临床试验设计， 我们将研究新的治疗方法，包括但不限于靶向小分子药物， 免疫疗法和细胞疗法。COG的研究组合还重要地包括临床试验 重点是提高癌症儿童和儿童癌症幸存者的生活质量。因为不仅仅是 美国90%被诊断患有癌症的儿童在COG成员机构接受治疗，COG有能力 为不同的癌症儿童及其家庭提供参与创新活动的机会 研究。这项研究工作包括允许收集和注释所有儿童的生物标本 癌症，为发现和加速最有希望的研究工作提供了基础 在世界各地的实验室进行。该提案是为了支持COG网络运营中心， 临床医生-开发和进行研究的科学家，并通过注册成员站点参与 合格的受试者。

PROJECT SUMMARY Since the introduction of chemotherapy for the treatment of childhood leukemia more than 60 years ago, the prognosis of childhood cancer has improved dramatically. The overall 5-year survival rate for childhood cancers, many of which were uniformly fatal in the pre-chemotherapy era, is now 84%. Progress for a number of childhood cancers, however, has been limited, with approximately 50% of children with acute myelogenous leukemia, 50% of children with high-risk neuroblastoma, and more than 90% of children with brainstem glioma, still succumbing to their disease. In the US, cancer remains the leading cause of death from disease in children greater than one year of age. Moreover, the late effects of cancer treatment, including permanent organ and tissue damage, hormonal and reproductive dysfunction and second cancers, are of special concern, with more than 40% of the 500,000 survivors of childhood cancer (estimated as of 2020) experiencing a significant health related quality of life complication from childhood cancer and its treatment. Thus, despite our advances, development of new therapeutic approaches must be a priority for childhood cancer basic, translational and clinical researchers. The Children’s Oncology Group (COG), the world’s largest organization devoted exclusively to childhood and adolescent cancer research, was founded 20 years ago. The COG’s multidisciplinary research team, comprised of more than 9,000 members, conducts research at more than 220 leading children’s hospitals, universities, and cancer centers. This proposal is for COG, as part of the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN), to continue its collaborative research work that supports the mission of improving the outcome for all children with cancer. The COG will design and conduct clinical-translational studies for children with cancer that builds on an increasing understanding of the molecular basis for pediatric malignancies and has the highest potential to improve the outcome. Using innovative clinical trial designs suitable for the study of rare diseases, we will study novel therapeutic approaches including but not limited to targeted small molecule drugs, immunotherapies and cellular therapies. The COG research portfolio importantly also includes clinical trials focused on improving the quality of life for children with cancer and childhood cancer survivors. As more than 90% of children diagnosed with cancer in the US are treated at COG member institutions, COG has the ability to offer a diverse population of children with cancer and their families the opportunity to participate in innovative research. This research effort includes allowing for collection and annotation of biospecimens from all children with cancer, providing the foundation for discovery and accelerating the most promising research efforts conducted in laboratories around the world. The proposal is for support of the COG Network Operations Center, clinician-scientists who develop and conduct research, and for member sites to participate through enrollment of eligible subjects.