Investigation of a newly identified group of neurons regulating sleep and feeding behaviors.

对一组新发现的调节睡眠和进食行为的神经元的研究。

• 批准号: 10659498
• 负责人: Stephane Dissel
• 金额: $ 39.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10659498
• 关键词: Acetylcholine; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Cells; Central Nervous System; Data; Decision Making; Diet; Drosophila genus; Ensure; Environment; Feeding behaviors; Genes; Genetic; Health; Homeostasis; Homologous Gene; Human; Hunger; Individual; Investigation; Jellyfish; Logic; Mammals; Methods; Modeling; Modernization; Molecular; Motivation; Nature; Nerve; Nervous System; Neurobiology; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Neurotransmitters; Nutrient; Organism; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Physiology; Positioning Attribute; Process; Research; Role; Satiation; Serine Protease; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Spinal Cord; circadian pacemaker; connectome; feeding; flexibility; fly; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; interest; motivated behavior; neural circuit; neurochemistry; neuronal circuitry; novel; offspring; postsynaptic; reconstruction; sensory input; sensory integration; sensory stimulus; sleep behavior; sleep regulation; success; transmission process

Project Abstract To ensure survival , animals must satisfy a variety of needs that lead to what are often mutually exclusive motivated behaviors. An example of such a behavior is sleep, a process that has been described in a variety of species ranging from jellyfish to humans. Although the precise function of sleep remains unknown, there is ample evidence supporting the notion that sleep is required for maintaining optimal physiological and behavioral performance. Importantly, sleep is regulated by two processes, the circadian clock which gates the occurrence of sleep, and the sleep homeostat which controls the intensity and duration of sleep. Beyond the clock and the homeostat, a variety of sensory inputs and internal states can modulate sleep in significant ways. For example, animals can dramatically modify, reduce, or completely forego sleep if their internal needs and/or external circumstances demand it. Importantly, sleep competes with other essential motivated behaviors, such as feeding. This implies that the decision to engage in, remain in, or exit sleep behavior must be weighed against the drive to perform other key motivated behaviors. Thus, to maximize survival, organisms must constantly assess their environment and their internal needs and alter their physiology and behaviors accordingly. The mutually exclusive nature of sleep and feeding behaviors implies that each of these individual motivational drives must not only be able to modulate the neuronal circuits underlying their associated behavior but also those of the competing one. Although much is known about neural circuits regulating individual behaviors, interactions between them are less well characterized. Understanding how behavioral decisions are made, and how the neuronal circuits underlying different behaviors interact, is a key aspect of modern neurobiology that will help us understand how the nervous system can help organisms adapt to an ever-changing environment and prioritize behaviors in a way that maximizes survival. We have identified two novel sleep- promoting neurons in the Drosophila central nervous system. Interestingly, these neurons also modulate feeding. In addition, we discovered that the activity of these two neurons is regulated by diet composition. In this proposal, we will use the power of the Drosophila model to investigate how these two neurons modulate sleep and feeding. We will identify the circuits, genes and neuromodulators involved in these relationships. Since the molecular mechanisms that regulate feeding and sleep are evolutionary conserved between Drosophila and mammals, we anticipate that this proposal will uncover regulatory principles that are relevant to human physiology. .

项目摘要 为了确保生存 动物必须满足各种各样的需要，这些需要往往导致相互之间的关系。 排他性动机行为。这种行为的一个例子是睡眠，这是一个具有 从水母到人类的各种物种都有这种现象。虽然精确的 虽然睡眠的功能仍不清楚，但有充分的证据支持睡眠是一种 维持最佳的生理和行为表现所需的。重要的是，睡眠是 由两个过程调节，昼夜节律钟控制睡眠的发生， 控制睡眠强度和持续时间的睡眠稳态器。除了时钟和 稳态，各种感觉输入和内部状态可以调节睡眠， 的方式例如，动物可以显著地改变、减少或完全放弃睡眠，如果它们的睡眠时间是长的， 内部需求和/或外部环境要求它。重要的是，睡眠与其他 重要的动机行为，如喂食。这意味着参与的决定， 保持在，或退出睡眠行为必须权衡对驱动器执行其他关键 动机行为。因此，为了最大限度地生存，生物体必须不断评估其 环境和他们的内部需求，并相应地改变他们的生理和行为。的 睡眠和进食行为的相互排斥的性质意味着这些个体中的每一个 动机驱动不仅必须能够调节其背后的神经回路， 相关行为，也包括竞争行为。虽然我们对神经系统的 调节个体行为的回路，它们之间的相互作用不太好表征。 了解行为决定是如何做出的，以及神经回路是如何 不同的行为相互作用，是现代神经生物学的一个关键方面， 神经系统如何帮助生物体适应不断变化的环境， 以最大化生存的方式优先考虑行为。我们发现了两种新的睡眠- 促进果蝇中枢神经系统的神经元。有趣的是，这些神经元也 调节摄食。此外，我们发现这两个神经元的活动受到调节， 通过饮食组成。在这个提议中，我们将利用果蝇模型的力量， 研究这两种神经元如何调节睡眠和进食。我们会识别电路， 基因和神经调质参与这些关系。因为分子机制 调节进食和睡眠的基因在果蝇和哺乳动物之间是进化保守的， 我们预计，这项建议将揭示与人类有关的监管原则， physiology. .