Regulation, function, and the therapeutic potential of an oncogenic long noncoding RNA lnc-HLX-2-7 in group 3 medulloblastomas

项目摘要 脑肿瘤在儿童中相对常见，其中髓母细胞瘤（MB）最常见 尤其是五岁以下的儿童。MB可以通过脑脊液传播， 在诊断时转移是常见的。一些调控基因，信号 MB中的基因调控网络是已知的，但是非编码RNA在MB中的作用是未知的。 MB，特别是长非编码RNA（lncRNA）的描述很少。通过应用机器 通过学习公开可用的RNA-seq数据集，我们发现lnc-HLX 2 -7高度上调， 与其他治疗方法相比， 分子亚群G3 MB细胞中lnc-HLX-2-7的CRISPR-Cas9消耗显著 减少细胞增殖、侵袭和3D集落形成并诱导凋亡。当lnc- 将HLX-2-7缺失的G3 MB细胞注射到小鼠小脑中， 比来自亲本细胞的肿瘤小得多。此外，氧化铈 针对lnc-HLX 2 -7的纳米颗粒包被的反义寡核苷酸（ASO）减少体内肿瘤 增长我们的初步结果还表明，lnc-HLX-2-7是一个关键的MB代谢 通过烟酰胺调节NAD+（烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸）的调节剂 磷酸核糖基转移酶（NAMPT）是介导NAD+产生的关键酶。上述 结果突出了lnc-HLX-2-7对G3 MB发育的功能影响， 潜在的作用机制及其作为治疗靶点的重要性。我们的中央 假设lnc-HLX-2-7是一种重要致癌分子， G3 MB的目标。我们提出以下三个具体目标来检验我们的假设：（a） 测试靶向G3 MB的临床前治疗;（B）描述lnc-HLX-2-7驱动的分子 G3 MB肿瘤的潜在机制，和（c）确定lnc-HLX-2-7如何被调节， 调节G3 MB中的其他基因。这项研究将提供有价值的机械见解，如何 lnc-HLX-2-7推动了G3 MB的开发，推进了该药物的临床前治疗靶向 挑战亚组，并预期补偿和阻力机制。本研究 提供了重要的见解如何lncRNA功能的关键癌基因在大脑和其他 癌的

Project Summary Brain tumors are relatively common in children, with medulloblastoma (MB) the most frequent type, especially in children under five. MBs can spread through the cerebrospinal fluid, and metastases are common at the time of diagnosis. Some of the regulatory genes, signaling pathways, and gene regulatory networks in MB are known, but the role of non-coding RNAs in MB, particularly long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are poorly described. By applying machine learning to publicly available RNA-seq datasets, we found that lnc-HLX2-7 was highly upregulated and specific for difficult-to-treat and poor prognosis grade 3 (G3) MBs compared with other molecular subgroups. CRISPR-Cas9 depletion of lnc-HLX-2-7 in G3 MB cells significantly reduced cell proliferation, invasion, and 3D colony formation and induced apoptosis. When lnc- HLX-2-7-deleted G3 MB cells were injected into the mouse cerebellum, they produced considerably smaller tumors than those derived from parental cells. Further, cerium oxide nanoparticle-coated antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) against lnc-HLX2-7 reduced in vivo tumor growth. Our preliminary results also demonstrate that lnc-HLX-2-7 is a critical MB metabolic regulator that modulates NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) via nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a key enzyme mediating NAD+ production. The above results highlight the functional impact of lnc-HLX-2-7 on G3 MB development, some of the underlying mechanisms of action, and its importance as a therapeutic target. Our central hypothesis is that lnc-HLX-2-7 is an important oncogenic molecule that can be therapeutically targeted in G3 MBs. We propose the following three Specific Aims to test our hypothesis: (a) to test pre-clinical therapeutics targeting G3 MBs; (b) to delineate the lnc-HLX-2-7-driven molecular mechanisms underlying G3 MB tumors, and (c) to identify how lnc-HLX-2-7 is regulated and regulates other genes in G3 MBs. This study will provide valuable mechanistic insights into how lnc-HLX-2-7 drives G3 MB development, advance pre-clinical therapeutic targeting of this challenging subgroup, and anticipate compensatory and resistance mechanisms. This study provides important insights into how lncRNAs function as critical oncogenes in the brain and other cancers.