Determining the mechanisms of spoken language processing delay for children with cochlear implants

确定人工耳蜗植入儿童口语处理延迟的机制

• 批准号: 10669599
• 负责人: Christina Blomquist
• 金额: $ 4.59万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10669599
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustics; Adoption; Age; Books; Child; Cochlear Implants; Cognitive; Collaborations; Comprehension; Cues; Data; Development; Discrimination; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Evidence based intervention; Fostering; Frequencies; Goals; Hearing; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Learning; Lip structure; Measures; Methods; Noise; Nursing Faculty; Output; Perception; Phonetics; Population Intervention; Process; Prosthesis; Psycholinguistics; Research; Risk; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Source; Speech; Speech Delay; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stimulus; Time; Time Series Analysis; Training; auditory deprivation; clinical application; cognitive neuroscience; cohort; deaf; design; efficacious intervention; experimental study; fall risk; hard of hearing; implantation; improved; innovation; language comprehension; language processing; lexical; lexical processing; literacy; normal hearing; peer; phonology; preimplantation; semantic processing; skills; sound; theories; transmission process; visual tracking

Project Summary While cochlear implants (CIs) have enabled children with profound hearing loss to hear via an electrical signal, the speech signal they transmit is degraded in ways that hinder speech perception. These difficulties with speech perception likely have downstream consequences on development, as children with CIs are more likely to show delays in speech, language, and literacy abilities relative to peers with NH. However, it is unclear how CI-specific limitations in speech perception contribute to observed delays in spoken language processing. The long-term objective of this project is to better understand how the degraded CI signal impacts spoken language development in children with CIs in order to design more targeted and efficacious intervention for this population. The specific objective of the proposed research is to utilize psycholinguistic methods to investigate how the spectrally degraded speech signal transmitted by CIs delays spoken word recognition and the access of networks of semantically related words in the lexicon, which are both vital components for efficient spoken language comprehension. Aim 1 will investigate the potential sources of observed delays in spoken word recognition by children with CIs. Specifically, the proposed experiments will determine whether perception of a spectrally degraded signal leads to expanded and less efficient lexical competition or adoption of a general wait-and-see listening strategy. The applicant will use eye- tracking to measure competition from similar-sounding words while children with CIs (Experiment 1) and children with NH listening to noise-vocoded speech (Experiment 2) perceive spoken words. Experiment 3 will use electroencephalography (EEG) to measure semantic processing of phonologically similar words during spoken word recognition. Aim 2 will investigate the possible mechanisms underlying observed delays in use of semantic context by children with CIs to facilitate spoken language processing. The team will determine whether lexical access by children with CIs involves cascading activation from phonological to semantic networks or instead occurs as a more serial process. Experiment 4 will use EEG to measure how similar-sounding words and their semantic associates are activated during spoken word recognition. Training goals focus on learning to use EEG methods for psycholinguistic research, manipulation of speech stimuli, and advanced statistical analysis of time series data. In addition, training will foster skills needed to independently carry out innovative and clinically applicable research by incorporating findings from the field of cognitive neuroscience and collaborating with clinical faculty and local clinicians. The findings from the proposed project will contribute to a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms behind observed delays in spoken language processing by children with CIs. Processing mechanisms yielding individual differences in spoken word recognition also have the potential to be targets of speech-language intervention for children with CIs who are at-risk of falling behind in language development.

项目摘要 而耳蜗植入物（CI）使听力损失的儿童能够通过电气听到 信号，他们传输的语音信号以阻碍语音感知的方式退化。这些困难 随着言语感知可能会对发展产生下游后果，因为CIS儿童更多 与NH的同龄人相对于语音，语言和识字能力的延迟可能会显示出延迟。但是，还不清楚 语音感知中的CI特定限制如何导致口语处理中观察到的延迟。 该项目的长期目标是更好地了解降解的CI信号如何影响 CIS儿童的口语发展是为了设计更多有针对性和有效性的语言 干预该人群。拟议研究的具体目标是利用心理语言 研究如何通过CIS延迟口语传递的频谱退化的语音信号的方法 在词典中识别和语义相关单词网络的访问，这都是至关重要的 有效口语理解的组件。 AIM 1将调查潜在来源 观察到的延误在CIS儿童的口语识别中。具体而言，拟议的实验将 确定对频谱降解信号的感知是否导致效率较低的效率 词汇竞争或采用一般的等待聆听策略。申请人将使用眼睛 - 跟踪以衡量来自类似单词的竞争，而CIS（实验1）和 有NH的孩子听噪声响应的语音（实验2）感知口语。实验3将 使用脑电图（EEG）测量语音上相似单词的语义处理 口语识别。 AIM 2将调查使用观察到的可能延迟的可能机制 具有独联体儿童的语义背景，以促进口语处理。团队将确定 CIS儿童的词汇访问是否涉及从语音到级联激活 语义网络或作为更串行过程的发生。实验4将使用脑电图测量 在口语识别过程中，如何激活听起来像是如何激活的单词及其语义同伴。 培训目标的重点是学习使用脑电图方法进行心理语言研究，操纵 语音刺激和时间序列数据的高级统计分析。此外，培训将培养技能 需要通过合并来自 认知神经科学领域以及与临床教师和当地临床医生合作。 拟议项目的发现将有助于对 CIS儿童观察到的口语处理延误背后的机制。加工 产生单个单词识别的个体差异的机制也有可能成为目标 对语言发展危险的CI儿童的语言干预。