Leveraging the plasma virome as a biological indicator of HIV risk and transmission networks among people who inject drugs
利用血浆病毒组作为注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒风险和传播网络的生物指标
基本信息
- 批准号:10700415
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 62.48万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2023-06-01 至 2028-03-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AIDS preventionAccountingAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAcute Hepatitis CAfrica South of the SaharaBaltimoreBehavioralBenignBiologicalBloodBlood specimenCohort StudiesCountryCountyDNADataDisease OutbreaksDrug usageEpidemicEpidemiologyEquipmentEventGeneral PopulationGrantHIVHIV InfectionsHIV SeropositivityHIV riskHIV/HCVHepatitis CHepatitis C AcquisitionHepatitis C IncidenceHepatitis C virusHeroinHigh PrevalenceHumanIncidenceIndiaIndianaIndividualInjecting drug userInjectionsInterruptionInterventionInvestigationLegalLinkMeasuresMedicalMethodsModelingMolecularNeedle SharingNeedle-Exchange ProgramsOverdoseParticipantPatient Self-ReportPersonsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhylogenetic AnalysisPlasmaPopulationPopulation SurveillancePrevalencePreventionPreventive measurePublic HealthRNAResearchResearch PersonnelResourcesRiskRisk FactorsSamplingSan FranciscoSentinelSocial NetworkSpecimenSurveillance MethodsSystemTestingThailandUnited StatesVirusWorkcase controlcase findingcohortdesigndisorder controlexperiencehigh riskinjection drug useinnovationlow and middle-income countriesmedical complicationmeetingsmortalitynanoporenew pandemicnext generation sequencingnovelopioid overdoseopioid usepredictive toolsprescription opioidpreventprevent outbreaksprevention serviceprogramsprospectivereconstructionresponserisk predictionrural countiessocialsocial stigmasubstance usesuccesstooltransmission processvirome
项目摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
Meeting targets set to end AIDS as a major public health threat by 2030 requires reaching all populations,
particularly those with the highest burden, such as people who inject drugs (PWID). PWID continue to
experience some of the fast-growing HIV epidemics globally. Injection drug use is increasingly accounting for
new HIV infections in both low- and middle-income countries and countries that once saw notable declines in
HIV incidence among PWID. Even in countries with notable declines in HIV incidence among PWID, such as
the United States, the rise of prescription opioid use has resulted in increased heroin injection, increased
overdose rates, and outbreaks of HIV. Despite decades of investigation into the behavioral drivers of HIV
incidence, accurately predicting who is at the highest risk of becoming infected with HIV remains challenging.
Yet, this information is critical for preventing outbreaks and tailoring interventions. These tools are even more
critical at the final stages of disease control, elimination, or eradication programs which require
disproportionately more effort and resources than in preceding stages to identify those at risk, especially in a
setting of dwindling resources and emerging pandemics. As we rapidly approach the ambitious 2030 targets,
the same will be true of HIV, even more so among hard-to-reach populations such as PWID, and we need
early warning systems to guide a more targeted public health response
We previously demonstrated that PWID accumulate blood-borne nonpathogenic viruses in the plasma before
hepatitis C virus infection. We also have early data showing that sequences of these nonpathogenic viruses
reveal epidemiologic links. This study builds on these findings to explore whether the plasma virome in PWID
can be further used as a bioindicator of HIV risk and whether it can be leveraged to interrupt HIV outbreaks
before they occur. To test this, we utilize a rare set of longitudinal social (injection partner) and spatial (injection
venue) network data along with detailed individual-level risk factors and HIV sequences from a high-incidence
cohort of over 2,500 PWID in New Delhi, India. To date, this cohort has observed over 159 HIV
seroconversions. We plan to characterize the plasma virome using baseline specimens from participants who
later acquired HIV to determine if virome richness independently predicts HIV incidence and to assess the
added value of a bioindicator over established risk prediction tools. Additionally, we plan to sequence
participants comprising complete contact networks and leverage next-generation sequencing approaches that
capture the diversity of nonpathogenic viruses circulating within and between hosts to employ phylogenetic
methods aimed at determining whether plasma virome sequences can accurately infer transmission networks.
By using routinely collected samples, this work could lead to more robust molecular surveillance methods that
can guide public health officials in targeting interventions to prevent HIV outbreaks and focus limited resources
for the greatest impact.
项目总结
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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Steven J. Clipman其他文献
Steven J. Clipman的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Steven J. Clipman', 18)}}的其他基金
Molecular Networks and Deep Learning for Targeted HIV Interventions among PWID
分子网络和深度学习对吸毒者进行针对性的艾滋病毒干预
- 批准号:
10469166 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 62.48万 - 项目类别:
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