ADHD and Alcohol Use: A Longitudinal Examination of Dual Processes

ADHD 和酒精使用：双重过程的纵向检查

• 批准号: 10693830
• 负责人: Amy Stamates
• 金额: $ 18.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10693830
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Automobile Driving; Award; Clinical; Data; Data Analyses; Development Plans; Diagnosis; Ecological momentary assessment; Educational workshop; Environment; Etiology; Event; Executive Dysfunction; Gender; Glass; Goals; Impulsivity; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Location; Maintenance; Measurement; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Participant; Persons; Population; Populations at Risk; Predisposition; Prevention; Process; Relapse; Research; Research Support; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Scientist; Severities; Strategic Planning; Substance Use Disorder; Time; Training; addiction; alcohol behavior; alcohol comorbidity; alcohol craving; alcohol intervention; alcohol measurement; alcohol related problem; alcohol research; alcohol risk; alcohol use disorder; career development; contextual factors; craving; design; drinking; executive function; experience; innovation; meetings; peer; peer influence; programs; sex; skills; social; social factors; symposium; theories; therapy development; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY The proposed Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will launch Dr. Amy Stamates’ program of research as an independent scientist focusing on the etiology of alcohol problems among young adults. This goal will be achieved through a 5-year parallel research and tailored training plan. Training goals include building expertise in (1) clinical knowledge of alcohol use; (2) executive functioning (EF) and attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); (3) ecological momentary assessment (EMA); (4) advanced longitudinal data analyses; and (5) grantsmanship. Training goals will be met through a comprehensive training plan involving meetings with Drs. Lynda Stein (expert in alcohol interventions), Lisa Weyandt (expert in ADHD), Kristina Jackson (expert in EMA methods and analyses), and Timothy Wilens (expert in ADHD and substance use disorders); workshops; conferences; coursework; and experiential activities. Skills gained through the training plan will be put into action through a complementary research plan aimed to understand the alcohol- risk process of young adult drinkers with ADHD. Young adults with ADHD are at greater risk for experiencing alcohol problems (e.g., risky sex, driving after drinking) and developing alcohol use disorder (AUD) compared to those without ADHD. However, it is unclear why those with ADHD are at greater risk because research supports that they drink less than or equivalent to their non-ADHD peers. The proposed project will study this discrepancy by utilizing a measurement-burst design pairing laboratory and EMA to examine controlled (EF) and automatic (craving) processes in relation to alcohol use among those with and without ADHD. Participants (stratified by ADHD and gender) will be 141 young adult drinkers who complete three bursts over a one-year period (baseline, 6-months, and 12-months). Each timepoint will include a laboratory session assessing EF followed by 17 days of EMA assessing craving, alcohol use, alcohol problems, context, and social setting. The proposed project has three specific aims: (1) examine the impact of ADHD on EF and alcohol outcomes (craving, alcohol use, and alcohol problems) at baseline; (2) determine within-person changes between EF and alcohol outcomes over one year for those with and without ADHD; (3) identify event-level predictors (context, social setting) that heighten craving, alcohol use, and alcohol problems for those with ADHD. Findings from the proposal will provide preliminary data for a R01 application to be completed by Dr. Stamates during the award period. The proposed research seeks to address knowledge gaps of etiological factors underlying ADHD and AUD, with the ultimate goal to identify opportunities to tailor prevention and intervention approaches for young adults with ADHD. Thus, this proposal is in line with NIAAA’s 2017-2021 Strategic Plan for Research to investigate mechanisms underlying comorbid alcohol and psychiatric disorders. Completion of the K01 will provide Dr. Stamates with the expertise to conduct innovative, high-impact research focusing on the etiology of alcohol-related problems, particularly young adults with ADHD who may be most vulnerable.

项目总结 拟议的导师研究科学家发展奖(K01)将启动艾米·斯塔马茨博士的计划 作为一名独立科学家，他致力于年轻人酒精问题的病因学研究。这 这一目标将通过5年的平行研究和量身定制的培训计划来实现。培训目标包括 培养(1)酒精使用的临床知识；(2)执行功能(EF)和注意力方面的专业知识- 缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)；(3)生态瞬时评估(EMA)；(4)进展期纵向 数据分析；(5)大刀阔斧。将通过全面的培训计划来实现培训目标 包括与Lynda Stein博士(酒精干预专家)、Lisa Weyandt博士(ADHD专家)、 Kristina Jackson(EMA方法和分析专家)和Timothy Wilens(ADHD和物质专家 使用障碍)；讲习班；会议；课程作业；和体验性活动。通过以下途径获得的技能 培训计划将通过一个旨在了解酒精的补充研究计划来实施- 青壮年饮酒者ADHD的危险过程。患有ADHD的年轻人有更大的风险 比较酒精问题(如危险的性行为、酒后驾车)和发展成酒精使用障碍(AUD) 给那些没有多动症的人。然而，目前尚不清楚为什么ADHD患者面临更大的风险，因为研究 支持他们的饮酒量少于或相当于非ADHD同龄人。拟议的项目将对此进行研究 利用测量-突发设计配对实验室和EMA检查受控(EF)的差异 在患有和不患有ADHD的人中，与饮酒有关的自动(渴望)过程。参与者 (按ADHD和性别分层)将是141名年轻成年饮酒者，他们在一年内完成三次饮酒 期限(基线、6个月和12个月)。每个时间点将包括一次评估EF的实验室会议 随后是为期17天的EMA评估渴望、酒精使用、酒精问题、背景和社交环境。这个 拟议的项目有三个具体目标：(1)检查ADHD对EF和酒精结果的影响 (2)确定人内EF和EF之间的变化 患有和不患有ADHD的人在一年内的酒精结果；(3)确定事件级别的预测因素(上下文， 社交环境)，这会加剧ADHD患者的渴求、酗酒和酒精问题。研究结果： 提案将为Stamates博士在颁奖期间完成的R01申请提供初步数据 句号。这项拟议的研究试图解决有关ADHD病因的知识差距和 AUD，最终目标是确定机会，为青少年量身定做预防和干预方法 患有多动症的成年人。因此，这项建议符合NIAAA的2017-2021年研究战略计划 研究酒精和精神疾病并存的潜在机制。K01号公路建成后将 为Stamates博士提供专业知识，以进行创新的、高影响力的研究，重点研究糖尿病的病因 与酒精有关的问题，特别是患有多动症的年轻人，他们可能是最脆弱的。

项目成果

Daily impulsivity and alcohol expectancies: A multilevel examination of the acquired preparedness model.

• DOI: 10.1111/acer.15023
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Alcohol, clinical & experimental research